Albugami Lamia K, Alharbi Ashwag, Alotaibi Hind A, Mohmmad Elaf, Altoom Aseel S, Alotaibi Ebtesam H
Nursing, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Oct 23;16(10):e72178. doi: 10.7759/cureus.72178. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Hypertension is a leading global health issue and a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Understanding the differences in quality of life (QoL) and health awareness among hypertensive patients in urban and rural regions is critical for developing targeted interventions to improve health outcomes. This study aims to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and health awareness among hypertensive patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
A cross-sectional design was adopted to evaluate 246 hypertensive patients attending public and private hospitals in Riyadh. Data were collected using structured questionnaires covering socio-demographics, HRQoL (measured via the SF-36), and health awareness. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and inferential analysis were performed using SPSS version 26 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY), with significance set at p < 0.05.
The mean age of participants was 55.2 years (SD = 10.3), with 55.7% being male. The overall HRQoL score was 62.7 (SD = 17.3), reflecting a moderate level of quality of life. Emotional well-being scored the highest (72.2, SD = 16.4), while energy/fatigue scored the lowest (55.4, SD = 14.9). Health awareness levels were high regarding the importance of blood pressure monitoring (mean = 4.7, SD = 0.5) and lifestyle changes (mean = 4.6, SD = 0.5), but moderate for stress management (mean = 4.1, SD = 0.7). Significant positive correlations were found between QoL and awareness of regular blood pressure monitoring (r = 0.50, p < 0.001) and lifestyle changes (r = 0.48, p < 0.001).
The study revealed a moderate level of HRQoL among hypertensive patients in Riyadh, with notable gaps in awareness of stress management and other lifestyle factors. Tailored health education programs focusing on these areas are essential to improving hypertension management and enhancing overall quality of life, particularly in rural populations with limited healthcare access.
高血压是全球主要的健康问题，也是心血管疾病的主要危险因素。了解城乡高血压患者的生活质量（QoL）和健康意识差异，对于制定有针对性的干预措施以改善健康结局至关重要。本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯利雅得高血压患者的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）和健康意识。
采用横断面设计，对利雅得公立和私立医院的246例高血压患者进行评估。使用涵盖社会人口统计学、HRQoL（通过SF-36测量）和健康意识的结构化问卷收集数据。使用SPSS 26版（IBM公司，纽约州阿蒙克）进行描述性统计、Pearson相关系数分析和推断性分析，显著性设定为p < 0.05。
参与者的平均年龄为55.2岁（标准差 = 10.3），其中55.7%为男性。总体HRQoL得分为62.7（标准差 = 17.3），反映出生活质量处于中等水平。情感幸福感得分最高（72.2，标准差 = 16.4），而精力/疲劳得分最低（55.4，标准差 = 14.9）。对血压监测重要性（平均 = 4.7，标准差 = 0.5）和生活方式改变（平均 = 4.6，标准差 = 0.5）的健康意识水平较高，但对应激管理的意识水平中等（平均 = 4.1，标准差 = 0.7）。在QoL与定期血压监测意识（r = 0.50，p < 0.001）和生活方式改变意识（r = 0.48，p < 0.001）之间发现显著正相关。
该研究揭示了利雅得高血压患者的HRQoL处于中等水平，在应激管理和其他生活方式因素的意识方面存在显著差距。针对这些领域制定量身定制的健康教育计划对于改善高血压管理和提高整体生活质量至关重要，特别是在医疗保健机会有限的农村人口中。
