Moein Taghavi Hossein, Karimpoor Mahta, van Staalduinen Eric K, Young Christina B, Georgiadis Marios, Leventis Samantha, Carlson Mackenzie, Romero America, Trelle Alexandra, Vossler Hillary, Yutsis Maya, Rosenberg Jarrett, Davidzon Guido A, Zaharchuk Greg, Poston Kathleen, Wagner Anthony D, Henderson Victor W, Mormino Elizabeth, Zeineh Michael
Department of Radiology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California USA.
Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California USA.
Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2024 Nov 23;16(4):e70040. doi: 10.1002/dad2.70040. eCollection 2024 Oct-Dec.
Olfactory dysfunction can be an early sign of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We used tau positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance (PET-MR) to analyze a key region of the olfactory circuit, the piriform cortex, in comparison to the adjacent medial temporal lobe.
Using co-registered magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and F-PI-2620 tau PET-MR scans in 94 older adults, we computed tau uptake in the piriform-periamygdaloid cortex, amygdala, entorhinal-perirhinal cortices, and hippocampus.
We found an ordinal cross-sectional increase in piriform cortex tau uptake with increasing disease severity (amyloid-negative controls, amyloid-positive controls, mild cognitive impairment [MCI] and AD), comparable to entorhinal-perirhinal cortex. Amyloid-positive controls showed significantly greater tau uptake than amyloid-negative controls. Negative correlations were present between memory performance and piriform uptake. Piriform uptake was not elevated in cognitively unimpaired Parkinson's disease.
Cross-sectionally, there is an early increase in tau uptake in the piriform cortex in AD but not in Parkinson's disease.
Positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance (PET-MR) analysis of the piriform cortex sheds light on its role as a potential early region affected by neurodegenerative disorders underlying olfactory dysfunction.Uptake of tau tracer was elevated in the piriform cortex in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) but not in Parkinson's disease (PD).Memory performance was worse with greater piriform uptake.
嗅觉功能障碍可能是阿尔茨海默病（AD）的早期迹象。我们使用tau正电子发射断层扫描-磁共振（PET-MR）来分析嗅觉回路的一个关键区域——梨状皮质，并与相邻的内侧颞叶进行比较。
在94名老年人中使用共同配准的磁共振成像（MRI）和F-PI-2620 tau PET-MR扫描，我们计算了梨状-杏仁周皮质、杏仁核、内嗅-嗅周皮质和海马体中的tau摄取量。
我们发现，随着疾病严重程度的增加（淀粉样蛋白阴性对照、淀粉样蛋白阳性对照、轻度认知障碍[MCI]和AD），梨状皮质tau摄取量呈有序的横断面增加，与内嗅-嗅周皮质相当。淀粉样蛋白阳性对照的tau摄取量显著高于淀粉样蛋白阴性对照。记忆表现与梨状皮质摄取量之间存在负相关。在认知未受损的帕金森病患者中，梨状皮质摄取量没有升高。
横断面分析显示，AD患者梨状皮质的tau摄取量早期增加，而帕金森病患者则没有。
对梨状皮质进行正电子发射断层扫描-磁共振（PET-MR）分析，有助于揭示其作为嗅觉功能障碍潜在早期受神经退行性疾病影响区域的作用。在阿尔茨海默病（AD）和轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者中，梨状皮质的tau示踪剂摄取量升高，而在帕金森病（PD）患者中则没有。梨状皮质摄取量越高，记忆表现越差。
