Li Junshu, Zhou Wencheng, Wang Huiling, Huang Meijuan, Deng Hongxin
Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu China.
Department of Medical Aesthetics West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China.
MedComm (2020). 2024 Nov 24;5(12):e70019. doi: 10.1002/mco2.70019. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Exosomes can regulate the malignant progression of tumors by carrying a variety of genetic information and transmitting it to target cells. Recent studies indicate that exosomal circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulate multiple biological processes in carcinogenesis, such as tumor growth, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, drug resistance, autophagy, metabolism, angiogenesis, and immune escape. In the tumor microenvironment (TME), exosomal circRNAs can be transferred among tumor cells, endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune cells, and microbiota, affecting tumor initiation and progression. Due to the high stability and widespread presence of exosomal circRNAs, they hold promise as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and prognosis prediction in blood and urine. In addition, designing nanoparticles targeting exosomal circRNAs and utilizing exosomal circRNAs derived from immune cells or stem cells provide new strategies for cancer therapy. In this review, we examined the crucial role of exosomal circRNAs in regulating tumor-related signaling pathways and summarized the transmission of exosomal circRNAs between various types of cells and their impact on the TME. Finally, our review highlights the potential of exosomal circRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic prediction biomarkers, as well as suggesting new strategies for clinical therapy.
外泌体可通过携带多种遗传信息并将其传递给靶细胞来调节肿瘤的恶性进展。最近的研究表明，外泌体环状RNA（circRNAs）在肿瘤发生过程中调节多种生物学过程，如肿瘤生长、转移、上皮-间质转化、耐药性、自噬、代谢、血管生成和免疫逃逸。在肿瘤微环境（TME）中，外泌体circRNAs可在肿瘤细胞、内皮细胞、癌症相关成纤维细胞、免疫细胞和微生物群之间转移，影响肿瘤的发生和进展。由于外泌体circRNAs具有高度稳定性且广泛存在，它们有望成为血液和尿液中肿瘤诊断和预后预测的生物标志物。此外，设计靶向外泌体circRNAs的纳米颗粒以及利用源自免疫细胞或干细胞的外泌体circRNAs为癌症治疗提供了新策略。在本综述中，我们研究了外泌体circRNAs在调节肿瘤相关信号通路中的关键作用，并总结了外泌体circRNAs在各种类型细胞之间的传递及其对TME的影响。最后，我们的综述强调了外泌体circRNAs作为诊断和预后预测生物标志物的潜力，并提出了临床治疗的新策略。
