2nd Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of General and Oncological Pulmonology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland.
Adv Respir Med. 2024 Oct 31;92(6):452-465. doi: 10.3390/arm92060041.
Medication non-adherence remains a substantial obstacle in asthma care, prompting the exploration of novel therapeutic modalities that prioritize rapid symptom relief, anti-inflammatory activity, and facilitate patients' compliance. This task is well-served by the following new form of therapy: inhaled triple-combination medications ICS/LABA/LAMA (inhaled glucocorticosteroid/long-acting beta2-agonist/long-acting muscarinic antagonist). The integration of three medications within a singular inhalation device culminates in the reduction of the effective dose of the principal therapeutic agent for asthma management, namely ICS. This consolidation yields a dual benefit of minimizing the likelihood of adverse effects typically linked with ICS while concurrently optimizing bronchodilator efficacy. The accumulated evidence suggests that adding LAMA to a medium- or high-dose ICS/LABA results in a decrease of asthma exacerbations compared to medium- or high-dose ICS/LABA alone, accompanied by sustained enhancements in lung function parameters. In adult patients experiencing suboptimal asthma control despite medium/high-dose ICS/LABA treatment-regardless of adherence to GINA-recommended strategies, such as MART therapy as a first-line approach, or alternative second-line strategies-we propose that the preferred course for intensifying asthma therapy involves the addition of a LAMA, ideally in the form of SITT.
药物依从性仍然是哮喘治疗中的一个重大障碍,这促使人们探索新的治疗方法,这些方法优先考虑快速缓解症状、抗炎活性,并促进患者的依从性。以下是一种新的治疗形式可以很好地满足这一需求:吸入三联药物 ICS/LABA/LAMA(吸入糖皮质激素/长效β2-激动剂/长效毒蕈碱拮抗剂)。三种药物整合在单一吸入装置中,最终减少了哮喘管理主要治疗药物(即 ICS)的有效剂量。这种整合带来了双重好处,既最大限度地减少了与 ICS 相关的不良反应的可能性,又同时优化了支气管扩张剂的疗效。累积的证据表明,与单独使用中/高剂量 ICS/LABA 相比,在中/高剂量 ICS/LABA 中添加 LAMA 可降低哮喘恶化的风险,同时持续改善肺功能参数。对于尽管接受了中/高剂量 ICS/LABA 治疗但哮喘控制仍不理想的成年患者(无论是否遵循 GINA 推荐的策略,如作为一线治疗的 MART 治疗或替代二线策略),我们建议强化哮喘治疗的首选方案是添加 LAMA,理想情况下是以 SITT 的形式。