Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India.
Piramal Swasthya Management and Research Institute, Hyderabad, India.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2024 Nov 25;24(1):778. doi: 10.1186/s12884-024-06906-0.
We report on post stillbirth and newborn death socio-cultural experience of women from a population-based representative sample in the Indian state of Bihar.
A state-representative sample of 7,270 births between July 2020 and June 2021 was sampled, including 582 stillbirths and 831 newborn deaths. Detailed confidential interviews were conducted with the consenting women with stillbirth and newborn death to understand their post-birth experience.
A total of 501 (86.1% participation) women with stillbirth and 717 (86.3% participation) with neonatal death provided interview. Able to talk to someone about their baby and receiving support to cope with their loss were reported by 369 (74.2%) and 398 (80.2%) women with stillbirth; these proportions were 76.7% and 77.3% for women with newborn deaths, respectively. More than 80% of these women reported spouses as their main source of support. At least one negative experience was reported by 150 (30.9%) and 233 (32.5%) women with stillbirth and newborn death, respectively. The most commonly reported negative experience was receiving insensitive/hurtful comments about the baby (18.6% for stillbirth and 20.4% for newborn deaths), followed by being blamed for the baby's death (14.3% for stillbirths and 15.0% for newborn deaths). The majority of women reported being verbally abused by the mother-in-law for both stillbirth (24, 63.2%) and newborn death (49, 64.5%); while 48 (67.6%) and 66 (61.7%) women were blamed by the mother-in-law for stillbirth and neonatal death, respectively. Most women with stillbirth (72.7%) and with neonatal death (77.1%) were asked to forget about their babies as a means to cope with their loss. Naming, seeing, and holding the stillborn were reported by 56 (11.2%), 229 (45.9%), and 64 (12.8%) women with a stillborn.
With one-third women with adverse birth outcome reporting negative experience, this translates into a significant number of women in India as it accounts for high numbers of stillbirths and newborn deaths globally. These population-based data can facilitate in designing interventions to improve post-partum experience for women with adverse birth outcomes in India.
我们报告了印度比哈尔邦一项基于人群的代表性样本中，女性在胎儿娩出后和新生儿死亡后的社会文化体验。
在 2020 年 7 月至 2021 年 6 月期间，我们抽取了一个有 7270 例活产的州代表性样本，其中包括 582 例死胎和 831 例新生儿死亡。对同意接受采访的死胎和新生儿死亡的女性进行了详细的保密访谈，以了解她们的产后体验。
共有 501 名（86.1%的参与率）死胎和 717 名（86.3%的参与率）新生儿死亡的女性提供了访谈。369 名（74.2%）和 398 名（80.2%）死胎女性报告能够与他人谈论她们的婴儿，并获得支持以应对她们的损失；这些比例分别为新生儿死亡女性的 76.7%和 77.3%。超过 80%的女性表示配偶是她们的主要支持来源。150 名（30.9%）和 233 名（32.5%）死胎和新生儿死亡的女性报告了至少一种负面体验。最常报告的负面体验是收到关于婴儿的不敏感/伤人的评论（死胎 18.6%，新生儿死亡 20.4%），其次是被指责导致婴儿死亡（死胎 14.3%，新生儿死亡 15.0%）。大多数女性报告说，婆婆对她们进行了言语虐待，无论是死胎（24 例，63.2%）还是新生儿死亡（49 例，64.5%）；而 48 名（67.6%）和 66 名（61.7%）死胎和新生儿死亡的女性分别被婆婆指责。大多数死胎（72.7%）和新生儿死亡（77.1%）的女性被要求忘记她们的孩子，以此来应对她们的损失。56 名（11.2%）、229 名（45.9%）和 64 名（12.8%）死胎女性报告说给死胎取名、看到并抱着死胎。
三分之一的不良妊娠结局女性报告了负面体验，这意味着印度有相当数量的女性经历了这种情况，因为印度的死胎和新生儿死亡人数在全球范围内都很高。这些基于人群的数据可以帮助设计干预措施，以改善印度不良妊娠结局女性的产后体验。
