Bahari Hossein, Akhgarjand Camellia, Mirmohammadali Seyedeh Nooshan, Malekahmadi Mahsa
Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Eat Disord. 2024 Nov 25;12(1):193. doi: 10.1186/s40337-024-01143-4.
Eating disorders are complex mental health conditions that significantly impact physical and mental well-being. Current research suggests a potential link between eating disorders and the gut microbiota, highlighting the role of gut-brain communication and its influence on nutrient absorption. Probiotics, which are beneficial bacteria, have shown promise in modulating the gut microbiota and may offer complementary interventions in the treatment of eating disorders.
A comprehensive search was conducted in electronic databases, including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, from inception to January 2024 to analyze the existing literature on the effects of probiotic supplementation in eating disorders. The search strategy included terms related to probiotics, prebiotics, eating disorders, and food addiction. The human studies were assessed for risk of bias using the Cochrane tool. The quality of animal studies was evaluated using the risk of bias (RoB) tool from the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation.
Of the 417 papers, 12 eligible studies were included comprising five animal and seven clinical studies. Clinical trials ranged from 10 to 20 weeks and were randomized and parallel-arm design. The included studies varied in terms of sample characteristics, intervention types, and outcome measures. Preliminary findings suggest that probiotics may influence gut microbiota composition and may offer support in the treatment of eating disorders.
The reviewed studies showed that probiotic supplementation may have a role in reducing food addiction and binge eating, and enhancing satiety, regulating food intake as well as positively affecting mood. However, further studies with better quality and larger sample size are needed to further validate these findings.
饮食失调是复杂的心理健康状况，会对身心健康产生重大影响。当前研究表明饮食失调与肠道微生物群之间存在潜在联系，凸显了肠-脑通讯的作用及其对营养吸收的影响。益生菌作为有益细菌，已显示出调节肠道微生物群的潜力，并可能为饮食失调的治疗提供辅助干预措施。
对电子数据库进行了全面检索，包括从创刊到2024年1月的PubMed/Medline、Scopus和Web of Science，以分析关于补充益生菌对饮食失调影响的现有文献。检索策略包括与益生菌、益生元、饮食失调和食物成瘾相关的术语。使用Cochrane工具评估人体研究的偏倚风险。使用实验动物系统评价中心的偏倚风险（RoB）工具评估动物研究的质量。
在417篇论文中，纳入了12项符合条件的研究，包括5项动物研究和7项临床研究。临床试验为期10至20周，采用随机平行组设计。纳入的研究在样本特征、干预类型和结局指标方面各不相同。初步研究结果表明，益生菌可能会影响肠道微生物群的组成，并可能为饮食失调的治疗提供支持。
综述研究表明，补充益生菌可能在减少食物成瘾和暴饮暴食、增强饱腹感、调节食物摄入量以及对情绪产生积极影响方面发挥作用。然而，需要进行质量更高、样本量更大的进一步研究来进一步验证这些发现。
