Cheng Wang, Wang Cheng-Ju, Shen Ya-Li, Wu Zhi-Feng, Zhang Yu-Ping
Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2024 Nov 15;26(11):1141-1147. doi: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2406049.
To investigate the status of neurodevelopmental catch-up and suitable correction termination age in preterm infants of different gestational ages.
A total of 918 preterm infants without significant high-risk factors who attended the outpatient service of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from January 1, 2018 to March 1, 2023 were included. The data on developmental quotient (DQ) in Gesell Developmental Schedule (GDS) were collected, while 6 684 full-term infants were included as controls. According to the gestational age, the infants were divided into preterm groups (early preterm, moderate preterm, and late preterm births) and a full-term group, and these groups were compared in terms of DQ of each functional area and its changing trend with 48 months of chronological age.
The DQ values of all functional areas showed a catch-up trend from 6 months to 48 months of chronological age in each preterm group (<0.05). There were no significant differences in the DQ values of all functional areas between the late preterm and full-term groups at the chronological age of 36 months (>0.05). There were significant differences in the DQ values of most functional areas between the moderately/early preterm groups and the full-term group at the chronological age of 36 months (<0.05), but no significant differences were found in the DQ values of all functions areas at the chronological age of 48 months (>0.05).
The correction termination age for neurodevelopment in preterm infants may need to extend beyond 36 months, and the smaller the gestational age, the longer the time required for correction.
探讨不同胎龄早产儿神经发育追赶情况及适宜的矫正终止年龄。
纳入2018年1月1日至2023年3月1日在陆军军医大学第二附属医院门诊就诊的918例无明显高危因素的早产儿。收集盖塞尔发育量表（GDS）中发育商（DQ）的数据，同时纳入6684例足月儿作为对照。根据胎龄将婴儿分为早产组（极早早产、中度早产和晚期早产）和足月儿组，比较各组各功能区DQ及其随实际年龄48个月的变化趋势。
各早产组各功能区DQ值在实际年龄6个月至48个月呈追赶趋势（<0.05）。晚期早产组与足月儿组在实际年龄36个月时各功能区DQ值差异无统计学意义（>0.05）。中度/极早早产组与足月儿组在实际年龄36个月时多数功能区DQ值差异有统计学意义（<0.05），但在实际年龄48个月时各功能区DQ值差异无统计学意义（>0.05）。
早产儿神经发育矫正终止年龄可能需延长至36个月以后，胎龄越小，所需矫正时间越长。
