Vargas Erick, Ravelo Victor, Rana Majeed, Unibazo Alejandro, Olate Sergio
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, C.H.M Hospital, Chillán 3810525, Chile.
Fellowship in Orthognathic and Complimentary Facial Surgery, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile.
Dent J (Basel). 2024 Nov 20;12(11):372. doi: 10.3390/dj12110372.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a key component of the stomatognathic system, playing a major role in maintaining mandibular stability and function. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a prevalent disease in the world, with surgical treatment being reserved for complex cases or end-stage TMJ disease. A narrative review was conducted to describe the quantitative and qualitative factors that affect TMJ prosthesis stability. Studies with a sample size equal to or greater than 10 subjects who underwent surgical procedures for joint replacement using stock or customized ATM prostheses were included. This narrative review examined some variables that may influence in terms of the longevity of the TMJ prosthesis, highlighting issues to be considered in future research. The current development of TMJ prostheses is benefiting from technological advances, offering a suitable adaptation to the patient's anatomy and superior results in functionality and patient satisfaction. However, the biomechanical complexity of the TMJ shows unique challenges compared to other joints in the body, where anatomical, biomechanical, and functional requirements are high. The stability of the TMJ prosthesis is affected by multiple variables, including the selection of biocompatible materials that resist corrosion and wear, the design of the prosthesis, the diagnosis and indication for its use, and the surgeon's experience. The success of TMJ replacement can be measured by improving the patient's quality of life, reducing pain, restoring mandibular functionality, and recovering suitable facial morphology for the patient's conditions. There is a need for training of maxillofacial surgeons in TMJ surgery and replacement, as well as a greater focus on the research and development of systems to simplify surgical design and procedures and to optimize the results of TMJ replacement.
颞下颌关节（TMJ）是口颌系统的关键组成部分，在维持下颌稳定性和功能方面发挥着重要作用。颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMDs）是一种世界范围内的常见疾病，手术治疗仅适用于复杂病例或终末期颞下颌关节疾病。进行了一项叙述性综述，以描述影响颞下颌关节假体稳定性的定量和定性因素。纳入了样本量等于或大于10名接受使用标准或定制的颞下颌关节假体进行关节置换手术的受试者的研究。该叙述性综述研究了一些可能影响颞下颌关节假体使用寿命的变量，强调了未来研究中需要考虑的问题。目前颞下颌关节假体的发展受益于技术进步，能够很好地适应患者的解剖结构，并在功能和患者满意度方面取得更好的效果。然而，与身体其他关节相比，颞下颌关节的生物力学复杂性表现出独特的挑战，因为其对解剖学、生物力学和功能的要求很高。颞下颌关节假体的稳定性受多种变量影响，包括抗腐蚀和磨损的生物相容性材料的选择、假体的设计、其使用的诊断和适应症以及外科医生的经验。颞下颌关节置换的成功可以通过改善患者生活质量、减轻疼痛、恢复下颌功能以及为患者状况恢复合适的面部形态来衡量。需要对颌面外科医生进行颞下颌关节手术和置换方面的培训，同时更加注重简化手术设计和程序以及优化颞下颌关节置换结果的系统的研发。
