Department of Food Chemistry & Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, D15 DY05 Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Bishopstown, T12 P928 Cork, Ireland.
Mar Drugs. 2024 Oct 31;22(11):493. doi: 10.3390/md22110493.
Fucoidan, a sulphated polysaccharide from brown seaweed composed of several monosaccharides, has been stated to have several bioactive properties such as antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer, antithrombic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. This paper provides research findings on green extraction methods, structural analysis of fucoidan, and its associated bioactivities. Fucoidans from brown seaweeds, and were extracted using green solvents such as citric acid (CA) followed by MWCO (molecular weight cut-off) filtration to obtain high-purity polysaccharides. The presence of functional groups typical to fucoidans, namely, fucose, sulfate, and glycosidic bonds, in the extracts were confirmed through the data obtained from FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis), DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), and solid-state CP-MAS (cross-polarization magic angle spinning) analysis. The MWCO analysis identified that the >300 kDa fraction can have better content of fucoidan (FV-CA 79.16%, FV-HCl 63.59%, AN-CA 79.21%, AN-HCl 80.70%) than the conventional extraction process. Furthermore, the >300 kDa fraction showed significantly higher antioxidant activities compared to crude fucoidan extracts. Crude fucoidan extracts showed significant inhibition of cell viability in human lung (A459 lung carcinoma cells) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells at higher concentrations. The fucoidan extracted with green solvents and avoiding alcohol-based precipitation has substantial antioxidant/antitumor action, so, due to this activity, it can be employed as functional foods in food applications.
岩藻聚糖硫酸酯是一种由几种单糖组成的褐藻来源的硫酸多糖，具有多种生物活性，如抗氧化、抗病毒、抗癌、抗血栓、抗炎和免疫调节作用。本文提供了关于绿色提取方法、岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的结构分析及其相关生物活性的研究结果。使用绿色溶剂柠檬酸（CA）提取褐藻来源的褐藻糖胶和角叉菜聚糖，并通过 MWCO（分子量截止值）过滤获得高纯度多糖。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、热重分析（TGA）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）和固态 CP-MAS（交叉极化魔角旋转）分析获得的数据证实了提取物中存在典型的岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的功能基团，即岩藻糖、硫酸根和糖苷键。MWCO 分析表明，>300 kDa 级分的岩藻聚糖硫酸酯含量（FV-CA 79.16%、FV-HCl 63.59%、AN-CA 79.21%、AN-HCl 80.70%）高于传统提取工艺。此外，>300 kDa 级分的抗氧化活性明显高于粗岩藻聚糖硫酸酯提取物。粗岩藻聚糖硫酸酯提取物在较高浓度时对人肺（A459 肺癌细胞）和结直肠腺癌细胞（Caco-2）的细胞活力有显著的抑制作用。用绿色溶剂提取并避免使用醇沉淀的岩藻聚糖硫酸酯具有显著的抗氧化/抗肿瘤作用，因此，由于这种活性，它可以作为功能性食品在食品应用中使用。
