Wefer Franziska, Krüger Lars, Kolbe Nina, Seel Melanie, Lutao Maria, Ottenbreit Franziska, Anton Samee, Wuzel-Samimi Elena, Richter Anne, Stuth Irina, Köpke Sascha, Köberich Stefan
Care Development, Care Directorate, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr University Bochum, Georgstr. 11, Bad Oeynhausen 32545, Germany; Institute of Nursing Science, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine & University Hospital Cologne, Gleueler Str. 176-178, Köln 50935, Germany.
Care Development, Care Directorate, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr University Bochum, Georgstr. 11, Bad Oeynhausen 32545, Germany.
Heart Lung. 2025 Mar-Apr;70:65-72. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.11.013. Epub 2024 Nov 25.
Thirst and xerostomia are prevalent and distressing symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Evaluation of interventions to alleviate these symptoms requires valid and reliable instruments. Such instruments are currently lacking for German patients with CHF.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the structural and convergent validity, and internal consistency reliability of the German versions of the Thirst Distress Scale for Patients with Heart Failure (G-TDS-HF) and the short form of the Xerostomia Inventory (G-SXI).
A cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted involving patients with CHF. Participants completed a questionnaire containing the G-TDS-HF, G-SXI, and a visual analog scale (VAS) to indicate intensity of thirst and xerostomia. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to assess structural validity. To assess internal consistency reliability, McDonald's Omega total was calculated, and Pearson´s r was used to examine convergent validity.
A total of 371 patients (62.4 (± 14.9) years, 28.3 % female) participated in the study. Factor analysis of the G-TDS-HF revealed a two-factor structure. One factor represents symptom occurrence, and the second factor is symptom distress. Internal consistency reliability was deemed adequate, with McDonald's Omega total coefficients of 0.81. The correlation between the sum scores of the G-TDS-HF and thirst intensity (VAS) was r = 0.44 (p < 0.001). The G-SXI demonstrated a single-factor structure with a McDonald's Omega total of 0.71. The correlation between the G-SXI and xerostomia intensity (VAS) was r = 0.36 (p < 0.001).
Results suggest that the G-TDS-HF and the G-SXI are valid and reliable instruments. Further research is warranted to assess responsiveness and test-retest reliability to strengthen the evidence.
口渴和口干是慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者中普遍存在且令人痛苦的症状。评估缓解这些症状的干预措施需要有效且可靠的工具。目前德国CHF患者缺乏此类工具。
本研究旨在评估德国版心力衰竭患者口渴困扰量表（G-TDS-HF）和口干量表简版（G-SXI）的结构效度、收敛效度及内部一致性信度。
对CHF患者进行了一项横断面多中心研究。参与者完成了一份包含G-TDS-HF、G-SXI以及用于表明口渴和口干强度的视觉模拟量表（VAS）的问卷。进行探索性和验证性因素分析以评估结构效度。为评估内部一致性信度，计算了麦克唐纳欧米茄总量表，并用皮尔逊相关系数r检验收敛效度。
共有371名患者（62.4（±14.9）岁，28.3%为女性）参与了研究。G-TDS-HF的因素分析显示为双因素结构。一个因素代表症状发生，第二个因素是症状困扰。内部一致性信度被认为是足够的，麦克唐纳欧米茄总量表系数为0.81。G-TDS-HF总分与口渴强度（VAS）之间的相关性为r = 0.44（p < 0.001）。G-SXI显示为单因素结构，麦克唐纳欧米茄总量表为0.71。G-SXI与口干强度（VAS）之间的相关性为r = 0.36（p < 0.001）。
结果表明G-TDS-HF和G-SXI是有效且可靠的工具。有必要进行进一步研究以评估反应度和重测信度，以加强证据。
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