Delanglez Femke, Watteyn Anneleen, Ampe Bart, Garmyn An, Delezie Evelyne, Antonissen Gunther, Sleeckx Nathalie, Kempen Ine, Demaître Niels, Van Meirhaeghe Hilde, Tuyttens Frank André Maurice
Animal Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), 9090 Melle, Belgium.
Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Nov 12;14(22):3241. doi: 10.3390/ani14223241.
The pre-transport phase induces stress, fear, and injury in poultry, but management choices greatly influence this. Pre-transport practices for spent hens and broilers in Flanders (Belgium) were studied. Poultry farmers (31 of 156 layers and 48 of 203 broiler farmers completed the survey) were surveyed on the selection of unfit chickens, catching and crating, and farmer opinion. A minority of farmers made a specific selection of chickens unfit for transport prior to catching (layers 25%: 5.1 ± 5.9 h, broilers 39%: 6.8 ± 7.0 h). More layer (69%) than broiler farmers (19%) withdrew feed too early (EU regulations stipulate max. 12 h before expected slaughter time). Layer farmers withdrew water earlier than broiler farmers (47.9 ± 51.1 min vs. 20.6 ± 23.3 min). More broiler than layer farmers believed that the container type affects the birds' welfare (48% vs. 27%; < 0.05). On broiler farms, mechanical catching was preferred for catchers' well-being, while upright catching was considered better for animal welfare than catching more than three chickens by one/two legs, wings, or mechanically. Poultry farmers should be sensitized about the need for additional selection before catching, including clear guidelines about judging which birds are fit for transport.
运输前阶段会给家禽带来应激、恐惧和损伤，但管理方式的选择对此有很大影响。对佛兰德地区（比利时）产蛋鸡和肉鸡的运输前做法进行了研究。对家禽养殖户（156名蛋鸡养殖户中的31名以及203名肉鸡养殖户中的48名完成了调查）就不适合运输的鸡的挑选、抓捕和装笼情况以及养殖户的看法进行了调查。少数养殖户在抓捕前会专门挑选不适合运输的鸡（产蛋鸡25%：5.1±5.9小时，肉鸡39%：6.8±7.0小时）。过早停喂饲料的蛋鸡养殖户（69%）多于肉鸡养殖户（19%）（欧盟规定在预计屠宰时间前最多停喂12小时）。蛋鸡养殖户比肉鸡养殖户更早停止供水（47.9±51.1分钟对20.6±23.3分钟）。认为容器类型会影响禽类福利的肉鸡养殖户多于蛋鸡养殖户（48%对27%；P<0.05）。在肉鸡养殖场，为了抓捕人员的健康，首选机械抓捕，而对于动物福利而言，直立抓捕被认为比抓住一只/两只鸡的腿、翅膀或采用机械方式一次抓捕三只以上的鸡更好。家禽养殖户应认识到在抓捕前进行额外挑选的必要性，包括关于判断哪些鸡适合运输的明确指导方针。
