Figura Aleksandra, Gryzinska Magdalena, Jakubczak Andrzej
Institute of Biological Basis of Animal Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Nov 13;14(22):3256. doi: 10.3390/ani14223256.
Analysis of mitochondrial DNA, specifically the cytochrome b gene (cyt b), has become an essential tool for species identification. In the case of degraded samples, in which DNA is fractionated, universal primers, which are highly effective at amplifying the target region, are necessary. The material analysed in this study was a keychain made of bone, which was secured at a border crossing due to the suspicion that it was made of ivory. Due to processing of the bone and the likelihood of DNA degradation, five pairs of universal primers with different product lengths (from 148 to 990 base pairs) were used for species identification. Fragments of mtDNA from the cyt b and the 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA subunits were analysed. The analysis showed that only one pair of primers (L15601/H15748) enabled identification of the species, which is very common in samples with highly degraded DNA. The material was bone tissue belonging to the species (cattle). Species identification by molecular methods is extremely important in analysis of material when the species cannot be identified on the basis of morphological characteristics.
线粒体DNA分析，特别是细胞色素b基因（cyt b）分析，已成为物种鉴定的重要工具。对于DNA已碎片化的降解样本，需要使用能高效扩增目标区域的通用引物。本研究分析的材料是一个骨质钥匙链，因其疑似象牙制品而在边境口岸被扣押。由于对骨头进行了处理且存在DNA降解的可能性，因此使用了五对具有不同产物长度（148至990个碱基对）的通用引物进行物种鉴定。分析了来自cyt b以及12S rRNA和16S rRNA亚基的线粒体DNA片段。分析表明，只有一对引物（L15601/H15748）能够鉴定该物种，这在DNA高度降解的样本中非常常见。该材料是属于牛物种的骨组织。当无法根据形态特征鉴定物种时，通过分子方法进行物种鉴定在材料分析中极为重要。
