Chaianunporn Thotsapol, Panthum Thitipong, Singchat Worapong, Chaianunporn Kanokporn, Suksavate Warong, Chaiyes Aingorn, Muangmai Narongrit, Marod Dokrak, Duengkae Prateep, Srikulnath Kornsorn
Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittraphap Road, Muang District, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Nov 15;14(22):3292. doi: 10.3390/ani14223292.
The invasion of blackchin tilapia in Thailand is a critical ecological threat affecting native biodiversity and destabilizing ecosystems. It is also resulting in significant ecological and socio-economic impacts. Originally from West Africa and introduced globally for aquaculture, blackchin tilapia thrive in Thailand's brackish and freshwater ecosystems because of their high reproductive rates, environmental adaptability, and trophic plasticity. This review evaluates potential solutions for the invasion of blackchin tilapia in Thailand from a scientific perspective. The successful invasion of blackchin tilapia in Thailand can be attributed to several key factors, including late detection of the species, the delayed government response, the absence of effective management strategies, and the species' high invasive potential. Given its wide distribution, large population size, and high reproductive rate, the eradication of the entire blackchin tilapia population is unlikely. Management efforts should focus on containment and impact reduction. Early detection and monitoring at the invasion front remain crucial to limit the species' spread. Developing an online platform for tracking invasive species would aid these efforts. Public education and outreach are essential for promoting responsible behaviors for preventing further spread. Encouraging the utilization of blackchin tilapia as a food source and for commercial purposes could help suppress its population while supporting local economies. Biological control and other potentially harmful strategies should be avoided unless supported by strong scientific evidence to ensure minimal risks to ecosystems. Scientific research into controlling blackchin tilapia should be encouraged to develop suitable strategies, including using sterile triploid tilapia. The "polluter pays" policy should be implemented to cover the costs associated with invasive species. Coordinated efforts between researchers, policymakers, and the public are crucial for formulating effective management strategies to promote a balance between economic benefits and long-term environmental sustainability.
黑颊罗非鱼入侵泰国是一个严重的生态威胁，影响着当地生物多样性并破坏生态系统的稳定。它还造成了重大的生态和社会经济影响。黑颊罗非鱼原产于西非，因水产养殖目的而被引入全球，因其高繁殖率、环境适应性和营养可塑性，在泰国的咸淡水和淡水生态系统中大量繁殖。本综述从科学角度评估了应对泰国黑颊罗非鱼入侵的潜在解决方案。黑颊罗非鱼在泰国的成功入侵可归因于几个关键因素，包括该物种发现较晚、政府反应迟缓、缺乏有效的管理策略以及该物种的高入侵潜力。鉴于其分布广泛、种群规模大且繁殖率高，根除整个黑颊罗非鱼种群不太可能。管理工作应侧重于控制和减少影响。在入侵前沿进行早期检测和监测对于限制该物种的扩散仍然至关重要。开发一个追踪入侵物种的在线平台将有助于这些努力。公众教育和宣传对于促进预防进一步扩散的责任行为至关重要。鼓励将黑颊罗非鱼用作食物来源和商业用途有助于抑制其种群数量，同时支持当地经济。除非有强有力的科学证据支持以确保对生态系统的风险最小，否则应避免生物控制和其他潜在有害策略。应鼓励对控制黑颊罗非鱼的科学研究，以制定合适的策略，包括使用不育三倍体罗非鱼。应实施“污染者付费”政策以涵盖与入侵物种相关的成本。研究人员、政策制定者和公众之间的协调努力对于制定有效的管理策略以促进经济效益与长期环境可持续性之间的平衡至关重要。
