Cardiology Group, Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Nov 6;25(22):11910. doi: 10.3390/ijms252211910.
Cardiotoxicity (CDTX) is a critical side effect of many cancer therapies, leading to increased morbidity and mortality if not addressed. Early detection of CDTX is essential, and while echocardiographic measures like global longitudinal strain offer promise in identifying early myocardial dysfunction, the search for reliable biomarkers continues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as important non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, influencing key biological processes such as the cell cycle, apoptosis, and stress responses. In cardiovascular diseases, miRNAs have demonstrated potential as biomarkers due to their stability in circulation and specific expression patterns that reflect pathological changes. Certain miRNAs have been linked to CDTX and hold promise for early detection, prognosis, and therapeutic targeting. These miRNAs not only assist in identifying early cardiac injury, but also offer opportunities for personalized interventions by modulating their expression to influence disease progression. As research advances, integrating miRNA profiling with traditional diagnostic methods could enhance the management of CDTX in cancer patients, paving the way for improved patient outcomes and more tailored therapeutic strategies. Further clinical studies are essential to validate the clinical utility of miRNAs in managing CDTX.
心脏毒性（CDTX）是许多癌症治疗的严重副作用，如果不加以解决，会导致发病率和死亡率增加。早期发现 CDTX 至关重要，虽然超声心动图指标（如整体纵向应变）在识别早期心肌功能障碍方面具有一定的前景，但仍在继续寻找可靠的生物标志物。微小 RNA（miRNAs）是一种新兴的重要非编码 RNA 分子，可在后转录水平上调节基因表达，影响细胞周期、细胞凋亡和应激反应等关键生物学过程。在心血管疾病中，miRNAs 已被证明具有作为生物标志物的潜力，因为它们在循环中具有稳定性，并且其表达模式反映了病理变化。某些 miRNAs 与 CDTX 有关，有望用于早期检测、预后和治疗靶点。这些 miRNA 不仅有助于识别早期心脏损伤，还为通过调节其表达来影响疾病进展提供了个性化干预的机会。随着研究的进展，将 miRNA 谱分析与传统诊断方法相结合，可以增强癌症患者 CDTX 的管理水平，为改善患者结局和制定更具针对性的治疗策略铺平道路。进一步的临床研究对于验证 miRNA 在管理 CDTX 中的临床应用至关重要。
