Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Functional Genomics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Nov 7;25(22):11955. doi: 10.3390/ijms252211955.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two prevalent conditions that present considerable public health issue in aging populations worldwide. Recent research has proposed a novel conceptualization of AD as "type 3 diabetes", highlighting the critical roles of insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism in the pathogenesis of the disease. This article examines the implications of this association, exploring potential new avenues for treatment and preventive strategies for AD. Key evidence linking diabetes to AD emphasizes critical metabolic processes that contribute to neurodegeneration, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and alterations in insulin signaling pathways. By framing AD within this metabolic context, we can enhance our understanding of its etiology, which in turn may influence early diagnosis, treatment plans, and preventive measures. Understanding AD as a manifestation of diabetes opens up the possibility of employing novel therapeutic strategies that incorporate lifestyle modifications and the use of antidiabetic medications to mitigate cognitive decline. This integrated approach has the potential to improve patient outcomes and deepen our comprehension of the intricate relationship between neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）和 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）是两种在全球老龄化人口中存在较大公共卫生问题的常见疾病。最近的研究提出了一种将 AD 视为“第 3 型糖尿病”的新概念，强调了胰岛素抵抗和葡萄糖代谢受损在疾病发病机制中的关键作用。本文探讨了这种关联的意义，探索了针对 AD 的潜在新治疗和预防策略。将糖尿病与 AD 联系起来的关键证据强调了导致神经退行性变的关键代谢过程，包括炎症、氧化应激和胰岛素信号通路的改变。通过将 AD 置于这种代谢背景下，我们可以更好地理解其病因，这反过来又可能影响早期诊断、治疗计划和预防措施。将 AD 视为糖尿病的一种表现形式，为采用包括生活方式改变和使用抗糖尿病药物在内的新型治疗策略来减轻认知能力下降提供了可能性。这种综合方法有可能改善患者的预后，并加深我们对神经退行性疾病和代谢紊乱之间复杂关系的理解。
