Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Nov 11;25(22):12105. doi: 10.3390/ijms252212105.
Gossypetin (GTIN) is a naturally occurring flavonoid recognised for its pharmacological properties. This study examined the effects of GTIN on cardiovascular function in a diet-induced pre-diabetic rat model, which has not been previously studied. Pre-diabetes was induced using a high-fat high-carbohydrate (HFHC) diet supplemented with 15% fructose water for 20 weeks. Thereafter, the pre-diabetic animals were sub-divided into five groups ( = 6), where they were either orally treated with GTIN (15 mg/kg) or metformin (MET) (500 mg/kg), both in the presence and absence of dietary intervention for 12 weeks. The results demonstrated that the pre-diabetic (PD) control group exhibited significantly higher plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein levels, along with decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in comparison to the non-pre-diabetic (NPD) group. This was accompanied by significantly higher mean arterial pressure (MAP), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and plasma endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS) levels in PD control. Additionally, there were increased heart malondialdehyde levels, reduced heart superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity as well as increased plasma interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor alpha and c-reactive protein levels present in the PD control group. Notably, both GTIN-treated groups showed significantly reduced plasma lipid levels and increased HDL, as well as decreases in MAP, BMI, WC and eNOS levels in comparison to PD control. Additionally, GTIN significantly decreased heart lipid peroxidation, enhanced antioxidant activity and decreased plasma inflammation markers. These findings may suggest that GTIN administration in both the presence and absence of dietary intervention may offer therapeutic potential in ameliorating cardiovascular disturbances associated with the PD state. However, future studies are needed to determine the physiological mechanisms by which GTIN improves cardiovascular function in the PD state.
柚皮素（GTIN）是一种天然存在的类黄酮，因其药理学特性而受到认可。本研究旨在探讨 GTIN 对饮食诱导的糖尿病前期大鼠模型心血管功能的影响，而此前尚未对此进行研究。糖尿病前期是通过高脂肪高碳水化合物（HFHC）饮食加 15%果糖水喂养 20 周诱导的。此后，将糖尿病前期动物分为五组（每组 6 只），其中一些动物给予 GTIN（15mg/kg）或二甲双胍（MET）（500mg/kg）口服治疗，同时存在和不存在饮食干预，为期 12 周。结果表明，与非糖尿病前期（NPD）组相比，糖尿病前期（PD）对照组的血浆甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和极低密度脂蛋白水平显著升高，高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平降低。这伴随着 PD 对照组平均动脉压（MAP）、体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）和血浆内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）水平的显著升高。此外，PD 对照组的心脏丙二醛水平升高，心脏超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性降低，血浆白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α和 C 反应蛋白水平升高。值得注意的是，与 PD 对照组相比，GTIN 治疗组的血浆脂质水平显著降低，HDL 水平升高，MAP、BMI、WC 和 eNOS 水平降低。此外，GTIN 还显著降低了心脏脂质过氧化，增强了抗氧化活性，降低了血浆炎症标志物水平。这些发现表明，GTIN 治疗在饮食干预和不干预的情况下可能具有改善与 PD 状态相关的心血管紊乱的治疗潜力。然而，需要进一步的研究来确定 GTIN 改善 PD 状态下心血管功能的生理机制。
