Genc Selin, Evren Bahri, Yigit Onur Selcuk, Sahin Ibrahim, Dayanan Ramazan, Klisic Aleksandra, Erturk Ayse, Mercantepe Filiz
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Konya State Hospital, Konya 42250, Türkiye.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya 44280, Türkiye.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Nov 20;17(11):1553. doi: 10.3390/ph17111553.
: The antidiabetic effect of SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2-is) is based on their ability to increase glucose excretion through urine by inhibiting the kidney-resident SGLT2 protein. Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EuDKA) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening adverse effect of these medications, which are notable for their antidiabetic, cardiovascular, and renal protective properties. This study aimed to clarify the impact of SGLT2-is on demographic, clinical, and biochemical characteristics in patients with DKA. : A total of 51 individuals with a diagnosis of DKA were included in the trial; 19 of these patients were treated with SGLT2-is, while 32 were not. Patients diagnosed with DKA and treated with SGLT2-is were compared to those not treated with the medication in terms of clinical, biochemical, and laboratory characteristics. : The age of patients utilizing SGLT2-is was statistically considerably greater than that of non-users ( < 0.001). EuDKA was exclusively noted in the SGLT2-is cohort ( = 0.005). Urinary tract infections, vulvovaginitis, and genitourinary infections were substantially more prevalent among SGLT2-i users compared with non-users among both women and the overall patient group ( = 0.036, = 0.001, = 0.005, = 0.003, respectively). Plasma glucose concentrations were significantly higher in SGLT2-i non-users ( = 0.006). Chloride (Cl) concentrations were elevated among SGLT2-i users ( = 0.036). : The study findings indicate that SGLT2 inhibitors may substantially influence age, serum chloride, EuDKA, and the occurrence of genitourinary infections in individuals with DKA.
钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂（SGLT2-i）的抗糖尿病作用基于其通过抑制肾脏中的SGLT2蛋白来增加尿糖排泄的能力。正常血糖性糖尿病酮症酸中毒（EuDKA）是这些药物罕见但可能危及生命的不良反应，这些药物以其抗糖尿病、心血管和肾脏保护特性而闻名。本研究旨在阐明SGLT2-i对糖尿病酮症酸中毒（DKA）患者的人口统计学、临床和生化特征的影响。
共有51名诊断为DKA的患者纳入试验；其中19例患者接受SGLT2-i治疗，32例未接受。将诊断为DKA并接受SGLT2-i治疗的患者与未接受该药物治疗的患者在临床、生化和实验室特征方面进行比较。
使用SGLT2-i的患者年龄在统计学上显著高于未使用者（<0.001）。仅在SGLT2-i队列中发现了EuDKA（=0.005）。与未使用者相比，SGLT2-i使用者中尿路感染、外阴阴道炎和泌尿生殖系统感染在女性和总体患者组中都更为普遍（分别为=0.036、=0.001、=0.005、=0.003）。SGLT2-i未使用者的血浆葡萄糖浓度显著更高（=0.006）。SGLT2-i使用者的氯离子（Cl）浓度升高（=0.036）。
研究结果表明，SGLT2抑制剂可能会显著影响DKA患者的年龄、血清氯、EuDKA以及泌尿生殖系统感染的发生。
