School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, SP, Brazil.
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Molecules. 2024 Nov 20;29(22):5468. doi: 10.3390/molecules29225468.
The global prevalence of counterfeit and low-quality pharmaceuticals poses significant health risks and challenges in medical treatments, creating a need for rapid and reliable drug screening technologies. This study introduces a cost-effective electrochemical paper-based device (ePAD) modified with functionalized bamboo-derived biochar (BCF) for the detection of paracetamol in substandard medicines. The sensor was fabricated using a custom 3D-printed stencil in PLA, designed for efficient production, and a 60:40 (m/m) graphite (GR) and glass varnish (GV) conductive ink, resulting in a robust and sensitive platform. The electroactive area of the ePAD/BCF sensor was determined as 0.37 cm. Characterization via SEM and cyclic voltammetry (CV) verified its structural and electrochemical stability. The sensor demonstrated linear detection of paracetamol from 5.0 to 60.0 µmol L with a detection limit of 3.50 µmol L. Interference studies showed high selectivity, with recoveries of over 90%, and the sensor successfully quantified paracetamol in commercial analgesic and anti-flu samples. This sustainable, bamboo-based ePAD offers a promising solution for rapid on-site pharmaceutical quality control, with significant potential to enhance drug screening accuracy.
全球假冒和劣质药品的流行给医疗带来了重大的健康风险和挑战，因此需要快速可靠的药物筛选技术。本研究介绍了一种经济高效的电化学纸质器件（ePAD），该器件经过功能化竹衍生生物炭（BCF）修饰，可用于检测劣质药物中的扑热息痛。该传感器采用定制的 PLA 3D 打印模板制造，设计用于高效生产，使用 60:40（m/m）石墨（GR）和玻璃清漆（GV）导电油墨，形成了一个坚固而灵敏的平台。ePAD/BCF 传感器的有效电极面积确定为 0.37 cm。通过 SEM 和循环伏安法（CV）进行的表征验证了其结构和电化学稳定性。该传感器对 5.0 至 60.0 µmol L 的扑热息痛表现出线性检测，检测限为 3.50 µmol L。干扰研究显示出高选择性，回收率超过 90%，该传感器成功地对商业镇痛药和抗流感样品中的扑热息痛进行了定量。这种可持续的、基于竹的 ePAD 为快速现场药物质量控制提供了有前景的解决方案，有望提高药物筛选的准确性。
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