Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 131 S. Robertson St., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
University Medical Center, 2000 Canal St., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 13;16(22):3866. doi: 10.3390/nu16223866.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Alcohol consumption and poor dietary habits are on the rise in the United States, posing significant challenges to public health due to their contribution to chronic diseases such as liver failure. While associations between alcohol consumption patterns and diet quality have been explored, the relationship between specific alcoholic beverage types and diet quality remains underexamined. This study aims to compare diet quality among consumers of different alcoholic beverage types.
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 1917 current alcohol drinkers from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) who completed a 24 h dietary recall survey. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), with higher scores indicating superior diet quality. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to assess differences in HEI between consumers of various alcoholic beverage types, using wine-only drinkers as the reference group and controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and metabolic syndrome variables.
Beer-only drinkers were more likely to have lower income, higher rates of cigarette smoking, and insufficient physical activity compared to other alcohol consumers. In the fully adjusted multivariable model, beer-only drinkers had an HEI score that was 3.12 points lower than wine-only drinkers. In contrast, liquor/cocktail-only and multiple-type drinkers had similar HEI scores to wine-only drinkers.
Beer-only consumption is associated with poorer diet quality among alcohol drinkers. Targeted patient education and public health campaigns may be effective in addressing the combined impact of alcohol consumption and poor diet quality on chronic disease risk.
背景/目的：在美国，饮酒和不良饮食习惯呈上升趋势，由于它们导致了如肝衰竭等慢性疾病，对公共健康构成了重大挑战。虽然已经探讨了饮酒模式与饮食质量之间的关联，但特定酒精饮料类型与饮食质量之间的关系仍未得到充分研究。本研究旨在比较不同酒精饮料类型消费者的饮食质量。
我们对完成了 24 小时饮食回忆调查的来自国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的 1917 名当前饮酒者进行了横断面分析。使用健康饮食指数（HEI）评估饮食质量，得分越高表示饮食质量越好。采用多变量逻辑回归模型，以仅饮用葡萄酒者为参照组，并控制人口统计学、社会经济、生活方式和代谢综合征变量，评估各种酒精饮料类型消费者之间的 HEI 差异。
与其他酒精消费者相比，仅饮用啤酒者的收入较低、吸烟率较高、身体活动不足。在完全调整的多变量模型中，仅饮用啤酒者的 HEI 得分比仅饮用葡萄酒者低 3.12 分。相比之下，仅饮用白酒/鸡尾酒者和多种类型饮料者的 HEI 得分与仅饮用葡萄酒者相似。
仅饮用啤酒与饮酒者饮食质量较差有关。针对患者的教育和公共卫生宣传活动可能有助于解决饮酒和不良饮食质量对慢性病风险的综合影响。
