Jadhav Kaustubh Kishor, Daouk Joud, Kurkinen Karoliina, Kraav Siiri-Liisi, Eriksson Päivi, Tolmunen Tommi, Kanninen Katja M
A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
J Affect Disord. 2025 Mar 1;372:48-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.11.071. Epub 2024 Nov 25.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common mental health problem worldwide. Increased levels of inflammation are associated with MDD, though this relationship has been suggested to be bidirectional. The first incidence of a depressive episode usually occurs during adolescence. Hence, examining depressed, drug-naïve adolescents is important to understand the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of MDD. Cytokines might play a crucial role in inflammation associated with MDD. Therefore, this article aims to investigate the changes in the levels of peripheral blood cytokines in adolescents with MDD.
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the changes in peripheral blood cytokines in drug-naïve adolescents (10-18 years) with MDD. A comprehensive search across four databases was performed to identify original research articles. Studies in which the diagnosis of MDD was set by semi-structured interview were included.
Of 2291 articles, 12 met the inclusion criteria for the review, with seven suitable for meta-analysis & including up to five studies per cytokine. The meta-analysis revealed significant associations between tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (n = 222, Hedge's g = 0.51, p <0.01) and MDD in adolescents compared to healthy individuals. However, other blood cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and interferon (IFN)-γ, did not significantly correlate with MDD in adolescents.
TNF-α was significantly elevated in drug-naïve adolescents with MDD. To further understand the role of TNF-α in MDD, a thorough investigation is required, taking into account the diversity, subtypes, chronicity, and severity of MDD.
重度抑郁症（MDD）是全球最常见的心理健康问题。炎症水平升高与MDD有关，尽管这种关系被认为是双向的。抑郁发作的首次发病通常发生在青春期。因此，研究未服用药物的抑郁青少年对于理解炎症在MDD病理生理学中的作用很重要。细胞因子可能在与MDD相关的炎症中起关键作用。因此，本文旨在研究MDD青少年外周血细胞因子水平的变化。
我们进行了一项系统综述和荟萃分析，以评估未服用药物的10 - 18岁MDD青少年外周血细胞因子的变化。对四个数据库进行了全面检索，以识别原始研究文章。纳入了通过半结构化访谈确定MDD诊断的研究。
在2291篇文章中，12篇符合综述的纳入标准，7篇适合进行荟萃分析，每个细胞因子最多包括五项研究。荟萃分析显示，与健康个体相比，青少年肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α（n = 222，Hedge's g = 0.51，p <0.01）与MDD之间存在显著关联。然而，其他血细胞因子，包括白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-4、IL-6、IL-8和干扰素（IFN）-γ，与青少年MDD没有显著相关性。
未服用药物的MDD青少年中TNF-α显著升高。为了进一步了解TNF-α在MDD中的作用，需要考虑MDD的多样性、亚型、慢性和严重程度进行深入研究。
