癌症语境下的身体同情：结直肠癌幸存者中的新探索。
Body compassion in the context of cancer: A novel exploration among colorectal cancer survivors.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, East 17th Place, E5302 Fitzsimons Building, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
出版信息
Support Care Cancer. 2024 Nov 28;32(12):830. doi: 10.1007/s00520-024-08996-0.
PURPOSE
Colorectal cancer (CRC) significantly impacts patients' physical well-being, often leading to distress and diminished quality of life (QOL). Body compassion (i.e., viewing one's body with kindness, mindfulness, and common humanity) could be relevant to psychosocial adjustment to cancer but has yet to be explored within the cancer context. This study aimed to introduce a novel measure of body compassion and examine its associations with demographic, medical, and psychosocial variables among CRC patients.
METHODS
Fifty-four patients with CRC completed a one-time survey assessing demographics, body compassion [Body Compassion Scale (BCS)], distress (HADS), loneliness (ULS-8), resilience (CD-RISC-10), and QOL (FACT-C). Descriptive and internal consistency reliability statistics characterized the BCS. Relationships with demographic, medical, and psychosocial variables were examined using correlations, t-tests, and hierarchical linear regressions.
RESULTS
The BCS showed excellent internal consistency reliability (α = .94) (M = 82.1, SD = 19.0). Patients with metastatic CRC (vs. non-metastatic; BCS total M = 12.2, CI [0.4, 24.0]; defusion M = 5.0, CI [-0.4, 10.3]; common humanity M = 5.7, CI [-0.5, 12.0]) and those in treatment (vs. not; BCS total M = 14.1, CI [0.5, 27.6]; defusion M = 6.2, CI [0.1, 12.3]) reported lower body compassion. Higher total body compassion was associated with lower distress (B = -0.235, CI [-0.32, -0.15]) and loneliness (B = -0.104, CI [-0.18, -0.03]), and higher resilience (B = 0.215, CI [0.12, 0.31]) and quality of life (B = 0.811, CI [0.50, 1.12]). Among the BCS subscales, defusion demonstrated the most robust associations with medical (time since diagnosis, current ostomy, current treatment, metastatic disease) and psychosocial variables [distress (β = -.334), loneliness (β = -.444), resilience (β = .585)]; acceptance showed strong associations with distress (β = -.310) and quality of life (β = .384).
CONCLUSIONS
Body compassion appears relevant to psychosocial adjustment to CRC treatment and survivorship and may be particularly germane for patients with high disease burden. Further research on body compassion in cancer is warranted, such as longitudinal and multi-method designs across cancer populations.
目的
结直肠癌（CRC）显著影响患者的身体福祉，常导致痛苦和生活质量（QOL）下降。身体同情（即，以友善、正念和共同人性的态度看待自己的身体）可能与癌症的心理社会适应相关，但尚未在癌症环境中得到探讨。本研究旨在引入一种身体同情的新测量方法，并在 CRC 患者中考察其与人口统计学、医学和心理社会变量的关系。
方法
54 名 CRC 患者完成了一项一次性调查，评估了人口统计学、身体同情[身体同情量表（BCS）]、苦恼（HADS）、孤独感（ULS-8）、韧性（CD-RISC-10）和生活质量（FACT-C）。采用描述性和内部一致性可靠性统计方法对 BCS 进行特征描述。使用相关性、t 检验和分层线性回归来考察与人口统计学、医学和心理社会变量的关系。
结果
BCS 具有优异的内部一致性可靠性（α=0.94）（M=82.1，SD=19.0）。转移性 CRC 患者（vs. 非转移性 CRC；BCS 总分 M=12.2，CI [0.4，24.0]；去融合 M=5.0，CI [-0.4，10.3]；共同人性 M=5.7，CI [-0.5，12.0]）和正在接受治疗的患者（vs. 未接受治疗的患者；BCS 总分 M=14.1，CI [0.5，27.6]；去融合 M=6.2，CI [-0.1，12.3]）报告的身体同情较低。较高的总分身体同情与较低的苦恼（B=-0.235，CI [-0.32，-0.15]）和孤独感（B=-0.104，CI [-0.18，-0.03]），以及较高的韧性（B=0.215，CI [0.12，0.31]）和生活质量（B=0.811，CI [0.50，1.12]）相关。在 BCS 子量表中，去融合与医学（诊断后时间、当前造口、当前治疗、转移性疾病）和心理社会变量（苦恼，β=-0.334；孤独感，β=-0.444；韧性，β=0.585）的关联最为紧密；接纳与苦恼（β=-0.310）和生活质量（β=0.384）的关联也很强。
结论
身体同情似乎与 CRC 治疗和生存的心理社会适应相关，对于疾病负担较高的患者可能尤为相关。有必要对癌症中的身体同情进行进一步研究，例如跨癌症人群的纵向和多方法设计。
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