父母口腔健康素养和行为对 3-6 岁学龄前儿童口腔健康的影响——来自中国的证据。

The influence of parents' oral health literacy and behavior on oral health of preschool children aged 3-6 years- evidence from China.

机构信息

Department of Medical Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Department of Preventive, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

出版信息

BMC Oral Health. 2024 Nov 28;24(1):1445. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-05213-6.

DOI:10.1186/s12903-024-05213-6

PMID:39604904

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11603917/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Direct and indirect associations have been identified among health literacy, health behavior, and health status. Thus, we aimed to investigate the influence of oral health literacy and behaviors in parents on their children's oral health status. Moreover, we aimed to analyze the mentioned mediating effects through oral health behavior management.

METHODS

Oral health information of 1,102 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years was collected from five primary schools in Jinjiang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China. The decay-missing-filled teeth (DMFT) index and soft scale plaque index (PI) were used by professional dentists aided by school teachers to assess caries and periodontal health among the children. Simultaneously, we conducted a questionnaire-based survey among the parents to determine their oral health literacy and health behavior and their children's oral health behavior. The probit model, instrumental variables, and mediation effect model were used to evaluate the association of parents' oral health literacy and behavior with their children's oral health status.

RESULTS

The DFMT index was 1.58 among the children, with zero caries in 646 (58.6%) children. The PI was 0.68, with zero gum disease in 517 (46.9%). The univariate analysis suggested that the parents' health literacy and behavior were correlated with their children's oral health status (P < 0.01). Parents' oral health behavior significantly affected their children's oral health status. Simultaneously, a stronger correlation was observed upon using parents' health literacy as an instrumental variable to assess the endogeneity, indicating endogeneity problems. Parents' health-related behaviors exerted a mediating effect on children's oral health, with parents helping children brush their teeth demonstrating the strongest effect.

CONCLUSION

Parents' oral health-related behaviors can affect their children's oral health status. We recommend enhancing parents' oral health literacy to improve children's oral health status.

摘要

背景

健康素养、健康行为和健康状况之间存在直接和间接的关联。因此，我们旨在调查父母的口腔健康素养和行为对其子女口腔健康状况的影响。此外，我们旨在通过口腔健康行为管理分析其中的中介效应。

方法

在中国四川省成都市锦江区的五所小学，我们收集了 1102 名 3 至 6 岁学龄前儿童的口腔健康信息。专业牙医在学校老师的协助下，使用龋齿-失牙-补牙指数（DMFT）和软垢指数（PI）评估儿童的龋齿和牙周健康状况。同时，我们对家长进行了基于问卷的调查，以确定他们的口腔健康素养和行为以及他们孩子的口腔健康行为。我们使用概率单位模型、工具变量和中介效应模型来评估父母的口腔健康素养和行为与子女口腔健康状况之间的关联。

结果

儿童的 DMFT 指数为 1.58，其中 646 名（58.6%）儿童无龋齿。PI 为 0.68，其中 517 名（46.9%）儿童无牙龈疾病。单变量分析表明，父母的健康素养和行为与子女的口腔健康状况相关（P<0.01）。父母的口腔健康行为显著影响其子女的口腔健康状况。同时，当使用父母的健康素养作为工具变量来评估内生性时，观察到更强的相关性，表明存在内生性问题。父母的健康相关行为对儿童的口腔健康有中介作用，其中父母帮助孩子刷牙的作用最强。