Alnaimi Shaikha Jabor, Ajaj Fatima, Awaisu Ahmed, Alhathal Turfa, Mohammed Shaban, Alhail Moza
Pharmacy Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
J Pharm Policy Pract. 2024 Nov 26;17(1):2429785. doi: 10.1080/20523211.2024.2429785. eCollection 2024.
Pharmacogenomics implementation in clinical practice is anticipated to improve our understanding of individual variations in drug response and optimise the safety and efficacy of drug therapy. We aimed to assess the knowledge, perceptions, and readiness of physicians, pharmacists, and nurses in Qatar regarding the implementation of clinical pharmacogenomics.
A mixed-method study with an explanatory sequential design was conducted. Phase I was the quantitative phase which involved sending an online survey to physicians, pharmacists, and nurses. Phase II was the qualitative phase which involved conducting focus group discussions.
A total of 802 responses were collected, with a response rate of 20%. Only 15.4% of participants had previous pharmacogenomics-related training. The median knowledge score for healthcare professionals was 4 out of 10 denoting low level of knowledge. However, compared to other professions, pharmacists had a higher knowledge score (-value <0.001) and Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) holders scored higher than BSc holders (-value <0.001). Despite the low level of knowledge, perceptions of healthcare professionals were positive. In addition, the majority believed knowledge of pharmacogenomics is necessary and that counselling patients on pharmacogenomics requires specialised training pharmacogenomic principles in practice. The main themes extracted from the focus group discussions were knowledge, outcome expectations, preparedness, facilitators, barriers, public education, and implementation planning. Regarding readiness, most healthcare professionals reported that they are not currently confident in applying.
Healthcare providers have a low level of knowledge of pharmacogenomics. Despite this, the majority have positive perceptions towards its implementation in practice. Compared to other professionals, pharmacists with a PharmD degree scored higher in the knowledge assessment. Most healthcare providers report low confidence regarding the readiness for the implementation of pharmacogenomics and report a lack of knowledge, specialised training, and clinical guidelines as barriers.
临床实践中实施药物基因组学有望增进我们对药物反应个体差异的理解，并优化药物治疗的安全性和有效性。我们旨在评估卡塔尔医生、药剂师和护士对临床药物基因组学实施的知识、看法及准备情况。
采用解释性序列设计的混合方法研究。第一阶段为定量阶段，向医生、药剂师和护士发送在线调查问卷。第二阶段为定性阶段，开展焦点小组讨论。
共收集到802份回复，回复率为20%。只有15.4%的参与者曾接受过与药物基因组学相关的培训。医疗保健专业人员的知识得分中位数为10分中的4分，表明知识水平较低。然而，与其他职业相比，药剂师的知识得分更高（P值<0.001），药学博士（PharmD）持有者的得分高于理学学士（BSc）持有者（P值<0.001）。尽管知识水平较低，但医疗保健专业人员的看法是积极的。此外，大多数人认为药物基因组学知识是必要的，并且就药物基因组学向患者提供咨询需要在实践中遵循专门的药物基因组学原则进行培训。焦点小组讨论中提取的主要主题包括知识、结果期望、准备情况、促进因素、障碍、公众教育和实施规划。关于准备情况，大多数医疗保健专业人员报告称他们目前对应用没有信心。
医疗保健提供者对药物基因组学的知识水平较低。尽管如此，大多数人对其在实践中的实施持积极看法。与其他专业人员相比，拥有药学博士学位的药剂师在知识评估中的得分更高。大多数医疗保健提供者报告称，他们对实施药物基因组学的准备情况信心不足，并表示缺乏知识、专门培训和临床指南是障碍。
