Wang Zhitao, Tong Siyu, Niu Jiaqi, Cao Cheng, Gao Ang, Jiao Yingao, Fu Yanfei, Li Dongxia, Pan Xinni, Cui Daxiang, Sheng Nengquan, Yan Li, Cui Shengsheng, Lin Shujing, Liu Yanlei
School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
Nanoscale. 2025 Jan 2;17(2):740-773. doi: 10.1039/d4nr03538k.
Microneedles represent a miniaturized mechanical structure with versatile applications, including transdermal drug delivery, vaccination, body-fluid extraction, and bio-sensing. Over the past two decades, microneedle-based devices have garnered considerable attention in the biomedicine field, exhibiting the potential for mitigating patient discomfort, enhancing treatment adherence, avoiding first-pass effects, and facilitating precise therapeutic interventions. As an application-oriented technology, the innovation of microneedles is generally carried out in response to a specific demand. Currently, three most common applications of microneedles are drug delivery, fluid extraction, and bio-sensing. This review focuses on the progress in the materials, fabrication techniques, and design of microneedles in recent years. On this basis, the progress and innovation of microneedles in the current research stage are introduced in terms of their three main applications.
微针是一种具有多种应用的小型化机械结构，包括经皮给药、疫苗接种、体液提取和生物传感。在过去二十年中，基于微针的装置在生物医学领域引起了相当大的关注，显示出减轻患者不适、提高治疗依从性、避免首过效应以及促进精确治疗干预的潜力。作为一种面向应用的技术，微针的创新通常是针对特定需求进行的。目前，微针最常见的三种应用是药物递送、液体提取和生物传感。本综述重点关注近年来微针在材料、制造技术和设计方面的进展。在此基础上，从微针的三个主要应用方面介绍了其在当前研究阶段的进展和创新。
