Zhu Yujie, Zhang Jing, Su Hang, Wang Peijun, She Yutong, Zheng Xinxin, Liu Xin, Wu Jiarong, Wang Runkang, Wang Ying, Li Deng, Liu Shengzhong Frank
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications, Xi'an, 710121, China.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2025 Mar 10;64(11):e202421637. doi: 10.1002/anie.202421637. Epub 2025 Jan 2.
Modifying perovskites with functional additives has proven effective in refining the crystallization process and passivating the defects of perovskite films, thereby ensuring high photovoltaic efficiencies. However, conventional methods that involve pre-mixing additives into the precursor solution often face challenges due to discrepancies in the spatial distribution of slow-diffused additives relative to dynamically formed defect sites, resulting in limited passivation effectiveness. To address this issue, this study innovatively proposes a dynamic passivation strategy that utilizes a pre-passivator to gradually release active additives during the thermal crystallization process of perovskite films. By leveraging the principle of energy minimization, these timely-released additives can interact precisely and selectively with the high-energy defect sites generated during crystallization, thus facilitating efficient additive utilization and in situ real-time defect passivation. Through analysis of crystallization kinetics and carrier dynamic, it is demonstrated that this dynamic passivation approach significantly improves film quality and prolongs carrier lifetime, outperforming traditional pre-mixing tactics. Consequently, the final perovskite solar cell achieves an impressive solar conversion efficiency of 25.33 %, along with exceptional stability. This work provides strong support of tailored additive strategies aimed at further enhancing the efficiency of perovskite solar cells and their subsequent commercial applications.
用功能添加剂修饰钙钛矿已被证明在优化结晶过程和钝化钙钛矿薄膜缺陷方面是有效的，从而确保了高光电转换效率。然而，传统方法是将添加剂预混到前驱体溶液中，由于扩散缓慢的添加剂相对于动态形成的缺陷位点在空间分布上存在差异，常常面临挑战，导致钝化效果有限。为了解决这个问题，本研究创新性地提出了一种动态钝化策略，该策略利用预钝化剂在钙钛矿薄膜的热结晶过程中逐渐释放活性添加剂。通过利用能量最小化原理，这些及时释放的添加剂能够与结晶过程中产生的高能缺陷位点精确且选择性地相互作用，从而促进添加剂的高效利用和原位实时缺陷钝化。通过对结晶动力学和载流子动力学的分析表明，这种动态钝化方法显著提高了薄膜质量并延长了载流子寿命，优于传统的预混策略。因此，最终的钙钛矿太阳能电池实现了令人印象深刻的25.33%的太阳能转换效率，以及出色的稳定性。这项工作为旨在进一步提高钙钛矿太阳能电池效率及其后续商业应用的定制添加剂策略提供了有力支持。
