Sahoo Sarthak, Hari Kishore, Jolly Mohit Kumar
Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2025 Feb;92:102445. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102445. Epub 2024 Nov 27.
Phenotypic plasticity is a hallmark of cancer and drives metastatic disease and drug resistance. The dynamics of epithelial mesenchymal plasticity is driven by complex interactions involving multiple feedback loops in underlying networks operating at multiple regulatory levels such as transcriptional and epigenetic. The past decade has witnessed a surge in systems level analysis of structural and dynamical traits of these networks. Here, we highlight the key insights elucidated from such efforts-a) multistability in gene regulatory networks and the co-existence of many hybrid phenotypes, thus enabling a landscape with multiple 'attractors', b) mutually antagonistic 'teams' of genes in these networks, shaping the rates of cell state transition in this landscape, and c) chromatin level changes that can alter the landscape, thus controlling reversibility of cell state transitions, allowing cellular memory in the context of epithelial mesenchymal plasticity in cancer cells. Such approaches, in close integration with high-throughput longitudinal data, have improved our understanding of the dynamics of cell state transitions implicated in tumor cell plasticity.
表型可塑性是癌症的一个标志,它驱动转移性疾病和耐药性。上皮-间质可塑性的动态变化是由复杂的相互作用驱动的,这些相互作用涉及在转录和表观遗传等多个调控水平上运行的基础网络中的多个反馈回路。在过去十年中,对这些网络的结构和动态特征进行系统水平分析的研究激增。在此,我们强调从这些研究中获得的关键见解:a)基因调控网络中的多稳态以及多种混合表型的共存,从而形成具有多个“吸引子”的格局;b)这些网络中相互拮抗的基因“团队”,塑造了这种格局中细胞状态转变的速率;c)染色质水平的变化可改变这种格局,从而控制细胞状态转变的可逆性,在癌细胞上皮-间质可塑性的背景下实现细胞记忆。这些方法与高通量纵向数据紧密结合,提高了我们对肿瘤细胞可塑性中细胞状态转变动态的理解。
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