Panascì Marco, Ferrando Vittoria, Bisio Ambra, Filipas Luca, Di Gennaro Simone, Puce Luca, Ruggeri Piero, Faelli Emanuela
Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2024 Nov 28;20(1):99-108. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0468. Print 2025 Jan 1.
The purpose of this study was to investigate, in distance runners, the acute effects of moderate durations (60 s per leg) of static (SS) and dynamic stretching (DS) on running economy (RE) and performance.
Twelve recreational runners completed a randomized crossover design. Initially, the second ventilatory threshold (VT2) and the speed associated with the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) (vVO2max) were determined through an incremental test. Then, participants completed submaximal continuous-running (75%VT2 and 85%VT2) and running-until-exhaustion (vVO2max) tests preceded by 3 warm-ups: running plus SS or DS (SS or DS conditions) and running without stretching (NS condition). The SS and DS conditions consisted of 5 minutes of running plus 10 minutes of SS or DS, respectively, and the NS condition consisted of 15 minutes of running without stretching. RE at 75%VT2 and 85%VT2, time to exhaustion, and total running distance were evaluated. Rating of perceived exertion was also assessed.
Running economy at 75%VT2 resulted significantly better in the DS than in the NS (P < .001) and in the SS (P < .05). Time to exhaustion and total running distance were significantly improved in DS compared with NS (P < .001) and SS (P < .01). No differences in rating of perceived exertion among conditions were found.
Our results showed that, in recreational distance runners, a preexercise moderate-duration bout of DS improved RE and enhanced total running distance and time to exhaustion, whereas 60 seconds of SS did not induce significant improvements. Overall, our study demonstrates the effectiveness of moderate DS durations in optimizing RE and performance parameters, showing that such effects depend on the stretching modality used.
本研究旨在调查长跑运动员进行中等时长（每条腿60秒）的静态拉伸（SS）和动态拉伸（DS）对跑步经济性（RE）和运动表现的急性影响。
12名业余跑步者完成了随机交叉设计。最初，通过递增测试确定第二通气阈值（VT2）和与最大摄氧量（VO2max）相关的速度（vVO2max）。然后，参与者在3次热身之后完成次最大持续跑步（75%VT2和85%VT2）以及跑至力竭（vVO2max）测试：跑步加SS或DS（SS或DS条件）以及不进行拉伸的跑步（NS条件）。SS和DS条件分别包括5分钟跑步加10分钟SS或DS，NS条件包括15分钟不进行拉伸的跑步。评估75%VT2和85%VT2时的RE、力竭时间和总跑步距离。还评估了主观用力程度分级。
在75%VT2时，DS组的跑步经济性显著优于NS组（P <.001）和SS组（P <.05）。与NS组（P <.001）和SS组（P <.01）相比，DS组的力竭时间和总跑步距离显著改善。各条件之间在主观用力程度分级上未发现差异。
我们的结果表明，在业余长跑运动员中，运动前进行中等时长的DS能改善RE，并增加总跑步距离和力竭时间，而60秒的SS并未带来显著改善。总体而言，我们的研究证明了中等时长的DS在优化RE和运动表现参数方面的有效性，表明这种效果取决于所采用的拉伸方式。
