Ma Yufeng, Hu Yun, Yang Xiao, Shang Qianqian, Huang Qin, Hu Lihong, Jia Puyou, Zhou Yonghong
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China.
Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), 16 Suojin North Road, Nanjing 210042, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Jan;284(Pt 1):138114. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138114. Epub 2024 Nov 26.
Cellulose based aerogels have recently gained a lot of interest in the past few years because of their sustainability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and biosafety. Cellulose is an excellent raw material for the preparation of aerogels because of its advantages of strong renewability, low cost, good biocompatibility and easy degradation. The nanoscale cellulose can be prepared by physical, chemical and biological enzyme methods for the preparation of nanocellulose based aerogels (NCBAs). As a third-generation aerogels, NCBAs have the advantages of high porosity, large specific surface area, low density, low dielectric constant and high adsorption, which have many potential applications in adsorption, insulation, energy storage, electromagnetics, and biomedical fields. Here, the recent reported preparation technology of nano-cellulose and NCBAs were reviewed, the preparation methods of cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibers, and bacterial cellulose were highlighted. Furthermore, the research progresses of manufacturing and applications of functional cellulose hydrogels in the field of dye adsorption, oil adsorption, heavy metal ion adsorption, carbon dioxide adsorption, thermal insulation applications, energy storage, electromagnetic interference application, and biomedicine application were reported comprehensively. Further insights into the future research direction of NCBAs were provided.
近年来，基于纤维素的气凝胶因其可持续性、生物相容性、生物降解性和生物安全性而备受关注。纤维素是制备气凝胶的优良原料，具有可再生性强、成本低、生物相容性好和易于降解等优点。纳米级纤维素可通过物理、化学和生物酶法制备基于纳米纤维素的气凝胶（NCBAs）。作为第三代气凝胶，NCBAs具有高孔隙率、大比表面积、低密度、低介电常数和高吸附性等优点，在吸附、绝缘、储能、电磁学和生物医学领域有许多潜在应用。本文综述了近期报道的纳米纤维素和NCBAs的制备技术，重点介绍了纤维素纳米晶体、纤维素纳米纤维和细菌纤维素的制备方法。此外，全面报道了功能性纤维素水凝胶在染料吸附、油吸附、重金属离子吸附、二氧化碳吸附、隔热应用、储能、电磁干扰应用和生物医学应用领域的制备和应用研究进展。还对NCBAs未来的研究方向提供了进一步的见解。
