Alam Nazmir Binta, Pelzang Sangay, Jain Arushi, Mustafiz Ananda
Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi 110068, India.
Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi 110068, India.
Plant Sci. 2025 Mar;352:112325. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112325. Epub 2024 Nov 27.
Pyruvate is a central metabolite in cellular respiration and metabolism. It can neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS), safeguard mitochondrial membrane potential, and regulate gene expression under oxidative stress. However, its role in abiotic stress tolerance in plants needs to be explored. Therefore, the current study investigated the role of pyruvate and its metabolism in response to different abiotic stresses in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We retrieved transcript profiling data for pyruvate metabolism and transportation genes (D-LDH, AlaAT, PK, MPC, PDC, PDH, NAD-ME) from public databases. The study's findings indicate that these genes' expression is regulated in response to different abiotic stresses. Moreover, the promoter region of these genes contained multiple cis-acting elements like ABRE, ARE, P-box, and MBS, which are associated with plants' abiotic stress response. Furthermore, colorimetric analysis showed higher pyruvate content under different abiotic stresses. Therefore, exogenous pyruvate treatment was given before and after different abiotic stresses, which could combat the toxicity of pro-oxidant molecules by pyruvate intake. The semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that exogenous pyruvate treatment enhances the expression of important transcription factors WRKY2, GH3.3, DREB2A, and bZIP1, and stress-responsive genes e.g., APX1, ERD5, ADC2, and HSP70 in addition to abiotic stresses. Moreover, Arabidopsis plants pre-treated with pyruvate before oxidative stress showed less RBOHD expression. Additionally, pyruvate's cytoprotective role was compared to other well-known antioxidants such as NAC, Trolox, and GSH. Finally, untargeted GC-MS/MS analysis of abiotic stress-treated Arabidopsis plants showed a higher metabolite level of β-hydroxy-pyruvic acid, indicating the crucial role of pyruvate during abiotic stress.
丙酮酸是细胞呼吸和代谢中的一种核心代谢物。它可以中和活性氧（ROS），维持线粒体膜电位，并在氧化应激下调节基因表达。然而，其在植物非生物胁迫耐受性中的作用仍有待探索。因此，本研究调查了丙酮酸及其代谢在模式植物拟南芥对不同非生物胁迫响应中的作用。我们从公共数据库中检索了丙酮酸代谢和转运基因（D-LDH、AlaAT、PK、MPC、PDC、PDH、NAD-ME）的转录谱数据。研究结果表明，这些基因的表达受不同非生物胁迫的调控。此外，这些基因的启动子区域包含多个顺式作用元件，如ABRE、ARE、P-box和MBS，它们与植物的非生物胁迫响应相关。此外，比色分析表明，在不同非生物胁迫下丙酮酸含量更高。因此，在不同非生物胁迫前后进行了外源丙酮酸处理，这可以通过摄入丙酮酸来对抗促氧化分子的毒性。半定量RT-PCR分析表明，外源丙酮酸处理除了增强非生物胁迫下重要转录因子WRKY2、GH3.3、DREB2A和bZIP1的表达外，还增强了应激响应基因如APX1、ERD5、ADC2和HSP70的表达。此外，在氧化应激前用丙酮酸预处理的拟南芥植株显示出较低的RBOHD表达。此外，还将丙酮酸的细胞保护作用与其他知名抗氧化剂如NAC、Trolox和GSH进行了比较。最后，对非生物胁迫处理的拟南芥植株进行非靶向GC-MS/MS分析，结果显示β-羟基丙酮酸的代谢物水平较高，表明丙酮酸在非生物胁迫期间起着关键作用。
