在慢性根尖感染的后牙区即刻植入具有简单锥度固位的种植体：一项 5 年的临床观察。
Immediate implantation of simple taper retentive implants in chronic apical infected teeth in the posterior region: a 5-year clinical observation.
机构信息
Dept. of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330009, China.
出版信息
Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2024 Dec 1;42(6):764-772. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2024.2024166.
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to evaluate the mid- and long-term clinical efficacies of simple taper retentive implants for immediate placement in chronic apical infected teeth in the posterior region.
METHODS
A total of 36 patients with 41 simple taper retentive implants were included in the study conducted. These patients underwent immediate implant treatment for teeth with chronic apical infection in the posterior region. The soft and hard tissues surrounding the implants were assessed and documented over a period of 5 years following the completion of crown restoration.
RESULTS
During the 5 years follow-up period, one implant failed with mobility, and the implant survival rate was 97.6%. The mean marginal bone resorption was (-0.74±1.03) mm from the immediate post-implant placement to the immediate post-crown restoration, and the difference in marginal bone heights between the two time points was statistically significant (<0.05). The mean marginal bone resorption was (-0.21±0.70) mm from the immediate post-crown restoration to the 5-year post-crown restoration, and the difference in marginal bone height between the two time points was not statistically significant (>0.05). No significant difference (>0.05) was observed in bone resorption between mesial and distal, maxillary and mandibular, different tooth positions, and different implant lengths. The soft tissue surrounding the implants remained healthy at the 5 years follow-up period, one implant exhibited peri-implantitis, and no mechanical complications were observed. The overall satisfaction of patients was good.
CONCLUSIONS
Immediate placement of simple taper retentive implants after thorough debridement of chronic infected alveolar socket in the posterior region can achieve good mid- and long-term clinical outcomes after 5 years of loading. The soft and hard tissues were maintained in a steady state, which expanded the indications for immediate implantation.
目的
本研究旨在评估慢性根尖感染后牙区即刻种植中使用简单锥形固位种植体的中远期临床疗效。
方法
共纳入 36 例 41 颗简单锥形固位种植体的患者。这些患者因后牙慢性根尖感染而行即刻种植治疗。在完成牙冠修复后 5 年内，对种植体周围的软硬组织进行评估和记录。
结果
在 5 年的随访期间，有 1 颗种植体出现松动失败，种植体存活率为 97.6%。即刻种植体放置后至即刻牙冠修复前，平均边缘骨吸收量为（-0.74±1.03）mm，两个时间点之间的边缘骨高度差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。即刻牙冠修复后至 5 年牙冠修复后，平均边缘骨吸收量为（-0.21±0.70）mm，两个时间点之间的边缘骨高度差异无统计学意义（>0.05）。近远中、上下颌、不同牙位、不同种植体长骨吸收无显著差异（>0.05）。在 5 年的随访期间，种植体周围软组织保持健康，1 颗种植体出现种植体周围炎，无机械并发症。患者总体满意度良好。
结论
彻底清创慢性感染牙槽窝后即刻植入简单锥形固位种植体，在 5 年负重后可获得良好的中远期临床效果。软硬组织保持稳定，扩大了即刻种植的适应证。
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