[Persistent spinal pain syndrome : Consideration of psychosocial risk factors].

The introduction of the term persistent spinal pain syndrome (PSPS), replacing the term failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) has significantly changed diagnostic and treatment approaches of PSPS. There are multiple risk factors that may contribute to the development of PSPS. Accurately identifying individual risk factors is, therefore, crucial for patient-centered treatment planning. This article mainly focuses on patient-related psychosocial risk factors. Possibilities of evaluating these risk factors prior to spinal surgery in order to prevent PSPS from developing, as well as treatment options for established PSPS will be discussed.