Zhang Xi, Zhang Ling, Tian Jiahua, Li Yunfei, Wu Manli, Zhang Longju, Qin Xiaofei, Gong Ling
School of Biological Engineering, Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong 519000, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, The Fifth Clinical Institution, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong 519000, China.
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), GuiZhou 563000, China.
Biomater Adv. 2025 Mar;168:214123. doi: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.214123. Epub 2024 Nov 28.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease primarily affecting elderly individuals aged >65 years and has a poor prognosis. No effective treatment is currently available for IPF. The two antipulmonary fibrosis drugs nintedanib and pirfenidone approved by the FDA in the United States have somewhat decelerated IPF progression. However, the side effects of these drugs can lead to poor patient tolerance and compliance with the medications. Researchers have recently developed various methods for IPF treatment, such as gene silencing and pathway inhibitors, which hold great promise in IPF treatment. Nevertheless, the nonselectivity and nonspecificity of drugs often affect their efficacies. Drug delivery systems (DDS) are crucial for delivering drugs to specific target tissues or cells, thereby minimizing potential side effects, enhancing drug bioavailability, and reducing lung deposition. This review comprehensively summarizes the current state of DDS and various delivery strategies for IPF treatment (e.g., nano-delivery, hydrogel delivery, and biological carrier delivery) to completely expound the delivery mechanisms of different drug delivery carriers. Subsequently, the advantages and disadvantages of different DDS are fully discussed. Finally, the challenges and difficulties associated with the use of different DDS are addressed so as to accelerate their rapid clinical translation.
特发性肺纤维化（IPF）是一种主要影响65岁以上老年人的间质性肺疾病，预后较差。目前尚无针对IPF的有效治疗方法。美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的两种抗肺纤维化药物——尼达尼布和吡非尼酮，在一定程度上减缓了IPF的进展。然而，这些药物的副作用会导致患者耐受性差和服药依从性低。研究人员最近开发了多种IPF治疗方法，如基因沉默和信号通路抑制剂，这些方法在IPF治疗中具有很大的前景。尽管如此，药物的非选择性和非特异性往往会影响其疗效。药物递送系统（DDS）对于将药物递送至特定的靶组织或细胞至关重要，从而可将潜在副作用降至最低，提高药物生物利用度，并减少肺部沉积。本综述全面总结了DDS的现状以及IPF治疗的各种递送策略（如纳米递送、水凝胶递送和生物载体递送），以全面阐述不同药物递送载体的递送机制。随后，充分讨论了不同DDS的优缺点。最后，探讨了使用不同DDS所面临的挑战和困难，以便加速其快速临床转化。
