Zhang Ke, Li Zhihua, Khan Suliman, Shishir Mohammad Rezaul Islam, Zheng Huanhuan, Gao Liying, Shi Jiyong, Huang Xiaowei, Zou Xiaobo
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Mar;297:138198. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138198. Epub 2024 Nov 29.
This study aimed to develop a natural colorimetric aerogel based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), sodium alginate (SA), black goji anthocyanin (BGA), and various natural fibers such as cotton fiber (CF), silk fiber (SF), and down fiber (DF) via a combined approach of ionic gelation and freeze drying for monitoring fish freshness. Various colorimetric aerogels, (CMC/SA, CMC/SA/CF, CMC/SA/SF, and CMC/SA/DF) were developed and analyzed. Among them, CMC/SA aerogel showed higher density (0.054 g/cm) with no surface pores, while CMC/SA/SF had a large surface area (18.6214 m/g) with uniformly higher porosity (97.11 %) and a lower density (0.024 g/cm). Moreover, the CMC/SA/SF aerogel exhibited greater mechanical properties and color sensitivity at various pH compared to other aerogels, which was then used as an indicator label for monitoring fish freshness during storage at 4 °C and 25 °C. The label aerogel became blue from purple, when the values of TVB-N, TVC, and pH reached 32.92 and 26.91 mg/100 g, 9.41 × 10 and 8.7 × 10 CFU/g, and 6.99 and 7.15 at 4 and 25 °C, respectively, exhibiting the level of fish deterioration. Taken together, the CMC/SA/SF colorimetric aerogel shows great potential for application as an intelligent package in monitoring the freshness of fish.
本研究旨在通过离子凝胶化和冷冻干燥相结合的方法，开发一种基于羧甲基纤维素（CMC）、海藻酸钠（SA）、黑枸杞花青素（BGA）以及棉纤维（CF）、丝纤维（SF）和羽绒纤维（DF）等多种天然纤维的天然比色气凝胶，用于监测鱼类新鲜度。制备并分析了各种比色气凝胶（CMC/SA、CMC/SA/CF、CMC/SA/SF和CMC/SA/DF）。其中，CMC/SA气凝胶密度较高（0.054 g/cm），无表面孔隙，而CMC/SA/SF具有较大的表面积（18.6214 m²/g），孔隙率均匀较高（97.11%）且密度较低（0.024 g/cm）。此外，与其他气凝胶相比，CMC/SA/SF气凝胶在不同pH值下表现出更好的机械性能和颜色敏感性，随后被用作指示标签，用于监测4℃和25℃储存期间鱼类的新鲜度。当4℃和25℃下的TVB-N、TVC和pH值分别达到32.92和26.91 mg/100 g、9.41×10⁷和8.7×10⁸ CFU/g以及6.99和7.15时，标签气凝胶从紫色变为蓝色，表明鱼类的变质程度。综上所述，CMC/SA/SF比色气凝胶作为智能包装在监测鱼类新鲜度方面具有巨大的应用潜力。
