加纳阿散蒂地区残疾人中新冠病毒疫苗接种情况及相关因素
COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Associated Factors Among Persons With Disabilities in Ghana's Ashanti Region.
作者信息
Seidu Abdul-Aziz, Ampomah Irene G, Emeto Theophilus I
机构信息
Public Health and Tropical Medicine James Cook University Douglas Australia.
World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia.
出版信息
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 29;7(12):e70210. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70210. eCollection 2024 Dec.
BACKGROUND
Persons with disabilities (PWD) are often marginalized and face barriers to accessing health services. This study aimed to examine the COVID-19 vaccine uptake and its predictors among PWDs in the Ashanti region of Ghana, where about 17% of the population has some form of disability.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 402 PWDs in two districts of the Ashanti Region of Ghana from December 2021 to March 2022. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential statistics (binary logistic regression).
RESULTS
The majority (68.7%) of the respondents had received the COVID-19 vaccine. The vaccine uptake was significantly higher among PWDs with visual impairments (aOR = 1.81; 95% CI = 1.07-3.09; = 0.028), older age groups (aOR = 4.95; 95% CI = 1.86-13.21; = 0.001 for those aged 60 and above), those with junior high school level of education (aOR = 2.21; 95% CI = 1.05-4.64; = 0.036), and those who were employed (aOR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.07-3.99; = 0.031), compared to their respective reference groups.
CONCLUSION
The study revealed a moderate level of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among PWDs in the Ashanti region, which may indicate some positive attitudes towards the prevention of the virus. However, there were disparities in the vaccine uptake by disability type, age, education, and employment status, which suggest the need for tailored interventions to address the specific needs and preferences of different subgroups of PWDs. The study also provides a basis for further research on the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among PWDs in Ghana and other similar settings. To enhance the vaccine coverage and equity among the marginalized groups in the region, more practical and inclusive strategies are needed to overcome the barriers and challenges faced by PWDs in accessing the COVID-19 vaccine.
背景
残疾人往往被边缘化，在获取医疗服务方面面临障碍。本研究旨在调查加纳阿散蒂地区残疾人的新冠疫苗接种情况及其预测因素，该地区约17%的人口有某种形式的残疾。
方法
2021年12月至2022年3月，在加纳阿散蒂地区两个区的402名残疾人中进行了一项横断面调查。使用预先测试的结构化问卷收集数据，并使用描述性统计（频率和百分比）和推断性统计（二元逻辑回归）进行分析。
结果
大多数（68.7%）受访者接种了新冠疫苗。与各自的参照组相比，视力障碍残疾人（调整后比值比[aOR]=1.81；95%置信区间[CI]=1.07 - 3.09；P=0.028）、老年人群体（60岁及以上者aOR=4.95；95%CI=1.86 - 13.21；P=0.001）、初中文化程度者（aOR=2.21；95%CI=1.05 - 4.64；P=0.036）以及就业者（aOR=2.07；95%CI=1.07 - 3.99；P=0.031）的疫苗接种率显著更高。
结论
该研究显示加纳阿散蒂地区残疾人的新冠疫苗接种率处于中等水平，这可能表明对预防该病毒有一些积极态度。然而，在疫苗接种方面，按残疾类型、年龄、教育程度和就业状况存在差异，这表明需要采取针对性干预措施，以满足不同残疾人群体的特定需求和偏好。该研究还为进一步研究影响加纳及其他类似环境中残疾人接受新冠疫苗的因素提供了基础。为提高该地区边缘化群体的疫苗接种覆盖率和公平性，需要更切实可行和包容性的策略来克服残疾人在获取新冠疫苗时面临的障碍和挑战。
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