Esfarjani Fatemeh, Rouzbahani Mohammad, Behbahan Seyed Ehsan Beladian, Shahbazpour Narges, Moslemi Masoumeh, Abedi Abdol-Samad
Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research Department, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Oct 21;12(11):9632-9640. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4452. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Tea leaves and their infusion have been interested in the populations because of their therapeutic and relaxing effects. However, tea plant is prone to heavy metals' bioaccumulation. Regarding the high consumption of tea infusion, concentration of arsenic, cadmium, and lead in black tea infusion was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Tea infusion was prepared by addition of 45 mL deionized water to 1 g tea leaves followed by heating at 90°C for 10 min. After analysis, carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks of heavy metals were investigated by Monte Carlo simulation in two age groups of children and adults younger and older than 15 years old, respectively. According to the results, Hazard Quotient (HQ) of three heavy metals in both children and adults was equal and lower than 0.01. Furthermore, incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) of arsenic in Iranian black tea consumers (<1.5 × 10) and lead in all consumers (about 2.55 × 10) was within the acceptable range introduced by US EPA (≤10). ILCR of arsenic in children and adults consuming foreign tea infusion was within the range of 10-10. Our further investigation revealed that the highest area (75%-85%) of cumulative frequency distribution for arsenic ILCR in foreign tea consumers was related to ILCR ≤10 which is the acceptable range determined by the World Health Organization. Therefore, there was no serious concern about the intake of heavy metals by tea infusion in Iranian children and adults.
茶叶及其冲泡液因其治疗和放松效果而受到人们的关注。然而，茶树容易发生重金属生物累积。鉴于茶冲泡液的高消费量，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定了红茶冲泡液中砷、镉和铅的含量。通过向1克茶叶中加入45毫升去离子水，然后在90℃加热10分钟来制备茶冲泡液。分析后，分别通过蒙特卡洛模拟研究了15岁以下儿童和15岁以上成年人这两个年龄组中重金属的致癌和非致癌风险。根据结果，儿童和成年人中三种重金属的危害商（HQ）相等且低于0.01。此外，伊朗红茶消费者中砷的终生癌症增量风险（ILCR）（<1.5×10）以及所有消费者中铅的终生癌症增量风险（约2.55×10）均在美国环境保护局规定的可接受范围内（≤10）。饮用外国茶冲泡液的儿童和成年人中砷的ILCR在10-10范围内。我们进一步的调查显示，外国茶消费者中砷ILCR累积频率分布的最高区域（75%-85%）与ILCR≤10有关，这是世界卫生组织确定的可接受范围。因此，伊朗儿童和成年人通过饮用茶冲泡液摄入重金属无需严重担忧。
