Xin Chunfu, Bao Shenxu, Zhang Yimin, Chen Bo, Ding Wei, Gan Wangui
Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Jan;373:123528. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123528. Epub 2024 Dec 1.
Zinc-containing dust (ZCD) has received extensive attention because it is a hazardous waste rich in various metals. This study innovatively proposed a hybrid acid leaching agent based on malic acid (MA) and sulfuric acid to selectively extract Zn from ZCD and successfully prepare nano-ZnO materials. The leaching experiments show that among the combinations of various organic acids and sulfuric acid, MA and sulfuric acid are superior in the selective leaching of Zn. Under optimal conditions, the leaching ratios of Zn, Pb, and Fe are 97.70%, 0.88%, and 2.95%, respectively. In addition, the use of hybrid acids can reduce sulfuric acid consumption by more than 46%. The Molecular dynamics simulation indicate that the interaction between the hybrid acid with ZnO and PbO was stronger (PbO > ZnO > FeO). The radial distribution function (RDF) reveals that Zn and Pb ions form strong coordination structures with some oxygen atoms in MA, thereby confirming that MA plays a crucial role in preventing the dissolution of Fe. Finally, spherical nano-ZnO with a purity of 98.14% and an average particle size of 68.60 nm is obtained from the leaching solutions by precipitation method. This study provides a green and sustainable alternative for the selective recovery of Zn from ZCD.
含锌粉尘（ZCD）因其是一种富含多种金属的危险废物而受到广泛关注。本研究创新性地提出了一种基于苹果酸（MA）和硫酸的混合酸浸出剂，用于从ZCD中选择性提取锌，并成功制备了纳米氧化锌材料。浸出实验表明，在各种有机酸与硫酸的组合中，MA和硫酸在锌的选择性浸出方面表现优异。在最佳条件下，锌、铅和铁的浸出率分别为97.70%、0.88%和2.95%。此外，使用混合酸可使硫酸消耗量减少46%以上。分子动力学模拟表明，混合酸与氧化锌和氧化铅之间的相互作用更强（氧化铅>氧化锌>氧化亚铁）。径向分布函数（RDF）表明，锌和铅离子与MA中的一些氧原子形成了强配位结构，从而证实MA在防止铁溶解方面起着关键作用。最后，通过沉淀法从浸出液中获得了纯度为98.14%、平均粒径为68.60 nm的球形纳米氧化锌。本研究为从ZCD中选择性回收锌提供了一种绿色可持续的替代方法。
