Shan Feng-Wen, Zhou Min, Zheng Xin-Yi, Wu Tong, Zhang Ya-Na, Wu Shuo, Shi Zhao-Hui, Luo Xin, Liang Gui-Xian, Zhang He, Jiang He-Xiao, Kang Ning, Chen Yu-Lian, Zhou Qi-Lin, Xiong Guo-Wei, Su Jing, Cheng Yun, Huang Xue-Kun, Dong Guang-Hui, Yang Qin-Tai
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China,
Department of Allergy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China,
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2025;186(7):631-641. doi: 10.1159/000542863. Epub 2024 Dec 2.
The meticulous management of risk factors is paramount in the effective control of allergic rhinitis (AR), playing a significant role in diminishing both the direct medical expenditures and the indirect economic impacts associated with the condition. Presently, there is a notable deficiency in research concerning the risk factors for severe AR, as well as the correlation between serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) levels and the severity of AR symptoms.
The study utilized data from a cross-sectional epidemiological survey conducted in Guangzhou, China, from April 2023 to March 2024, involved 638 AR patients. We used Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores to assess the severity of AR. Data of daily risk factors were collected through face-to-face questionnaires, and serum sIgE levels were measured using the AllergyScreen assay (Mediwiss Analytic GmbH, Moers, Germany). A generalized linear model was used to investigate the associations.
Our findings indicate that patients with severe AR exhibited more unhealthy lifestyle habits and lived in high-risk environments compared to non-severe patients. Physical activity more than three times per week was associated with a reduced risk of severe symptoms (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.82). Frequent indoor cleaning also lowered the risk of severe AR (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.87). Additionally, a one-level increase in serum sIgE was linked to higher odds of severe AR (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.43) after adjusting for risk factors.
Severe AR is associated with poor household cleaning and less exercise. Higher serum sIgE levels correspond to a higher risk of severe AR.
在变应性鼻炎（AR）的有效控制中，对危险因素的精细管理至关重要，这对于减少与该疾病相关的直接医疗费用和间接经济影响都起着重要作用。目前，关于重度AR危险因素以及血清过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E（sIgE）水平与AR症状严重程度之间的相关性研究存在显著不足。
本研究利用了2023年4月至2024年3月在中国广州进行的一项横断面流行病学调查的数据，涉及638例AR患者。我们使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分来评估AR的严重程度。通过面对面问卷调查收集每日危险因素数据，并使用AllergyScreen检测法（德国默尔斯市Mediwiss Analytic GmbH公司）测量血清sIgE水平。采用广义线性模型来研究这些关联。
我们的研究结果表明，与非重度患者相比，重度AR患者表现出更多不健康的生活习惯，且生活在高风险环境中。每周进行三次以上体育活动与严重症状风险降低相关（比值比：0.55，95%置信区间：0.36，0.82）。经常进行室内清洁也降低了重度AR的风险（比值比：0.70，95%置信区间：0.56，0.87）。此外，在调整危险因素后，血清sIgE每升高一个水平与重度AR的较高几率相关（比值比：1.26，95%置信区间：1.11，1.43）。
重度AR与家庭清洁不佳和运动较少有关。较高的血清sIgE水平对应着重度AR的较高风险。
