Raza Iwan G A, Snelling Sarah J B, Mimpen Jolet Y
Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Botnar Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Bone Joint Res. 2024 Dec 3;13(12):703-715. doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.1312.BJR-2024-0020.R1.
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a critical determinant of tissue mechanobiology, yet remains poorly characterized in joint tissues beyond cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA). This review aimed to define the composition and architecture of non-cartilage soft joint tissue structural ECM in human OA, and to compare the changes observed in humans with those seen in animal models of the disease.
A systematic search strategy, devised using relevant matrix, tissue, and disease nomenclature, was run through the MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases. Demographic, clinical, and biological data were extracted from eligible studies. Bias analysis was performed.
A total of 161 studies were included, which covered capsule, ligaments, meniscus, skeletal muscle, synovium, and tendon in both humans and animals, and fat pad and intervertebral disc in humans only. These studies covered a wide variety of ECM features, including individual ECM components (i.e. collagens, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins), ECM architecture (i.e. collagen fibre organization and diameter), and viscoelastic properties (i.e. elastic and compressive modulus). Some ECM changes, notably calcification and the loss of collagen fibre organization, have been extensively studied across osteoarthritic tissues. However, most ECM features were only studied by one or a few papers in each tissue. When comparisons were possible, the results from animal experiments largely concurred with those from human studies, although some findings were contradictory.
Changes in ECM composition and architecture occur throughout non-cartilage soft tissues in the osteoarthritic joint, but most of these remain poorly defined due to the low number of studies and lack of healthy comparator groups.
细胞外基质（ECM）是组织力学生物学的关键决定因素，但在骨关节炎（OA）中，除软骨外的关节组织中其特征仍知之甚少。本综述旨在明确人类OA中非软骨软性关节组织结构ECM的组成和结构，并将人类观察到的变化与该疾病动物模型中的变化进行比较。
使用相关基质、组织和疾病命名法设计的系统检索策略，在MEDLINE、Embase和Scopus数据库中进行检索。从符合条件的研究中提取人口统计学、临床和生物学数据。进行偏倚分析。
共纳入161项研究，涵盖人类和动物的关节囊、韧带、半月板、骨骼肌、滑膜和肌腱，以及仅人类的脂肪垫和椎间盘。这些研究涵盖了广泛的ECM特征，包括单个ECM成分（即胶原蛋白、蛋白聚糖和糖蛋白）、ECM结构（即胶原纤维组织和直径）以及粘弹性特性（即弹性模量和压缩模量）。一些ECM变化，特别是钙化和胶原纤维组织的丧失，已在骨关节炎组织中得到广泛研究。然而，大多数ECM特征在每个组织中仅由一篇或几篇论文进行研究。当可以进行比较时，动物实验的结果在很大程度上与人类研究的结果一致，尽管有些发现相互矛盾。
骨关节炎关节的非软骨软组织中均发生了ECM组成和结构的变化，但由于研究数量较少且缺乏健康对照群体，其中大多数变化仍定义不清。
