中国新疆维吾尔自治区农村成年人居住环境绿化程度与心血管代谢危险因素之间的关联：一项横断面研究
Association between Residential Greenness and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Adults in Rural Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Jian Leyao, Yang Bo, Ma Rulin, Guo Shuxia, He Jia, Li Yu, Ding Yusong, Rui Dongsheng, Mao Yidan, He Xin, Sun Xueying, Liao Shengyu, Guo Heng
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China;Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China;NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
出版信息
Biomed Environ Sci. 2024 Oct 20;37(10):1184-1194. doi: 10.3967/bes2024.085.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to explore the relationships between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors among rural adults in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang) and thus provide a theoretical basis and data support for improving the health of residents in this region.
METHODS
We recruited 9,723 adult rural residents from the 51st Regiment of the Third Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in September 2016. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was used to estimate residential greenness. The generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to examine the association between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors.
RESULTS
Higher residential greenness was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk factor prevalence. After adjustments were made for age, sex, education, and marital status, for each interquartile range (IQR) increase of NDVI , the risk of hypertension was reduced by 10.3% ( = 0.897, 95% = 0.836-0.962), the risk of obesity by 20.5% ( = 0.795, 95% = 0.695-0.910), the risk of type 2 diabetes by 15.1% ( = 0.849, 95% = 0.740-0.974), and the risk of dyslipidemia by 10.5% ( = 0.895, 95% = 0.825-0.971). Risk factor aggregation was reduced by 20.4% ( = 0.796, 95% = 0.716-0.885) for the same. Stratified analysis showed that NDVI was associated more strongly with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and risk factor aggregation among male participants. The association of NDVI with type 2 diabetes was stronger among participants with a higher education level. PM and physical activity mediated 1.9%-9.2% of the associations between NDVI and obesity, dyslipidemia, and risk factor aggregation.
CONCLUSION
Higher residential greenness has a protective effect against cardiometabolic risk factors among rural residents in Xinjiang. Increasing the area of green space around residences is an effective measure to reduce the burden of cardiometabolic-related diseases among rural residents in Xinjiang.
目的
本研究旨在探讨新疆维吾尔自治区（新疆）农村成年人居住绿地与心血管代谢危险因素之间的关系，从而为改善该地区居民健康提供理论依据和数据支持。
方法
2016年9月，我们从新疆生产建设兵团第三师51团招募了9723名成年农村居民。采用归一化植被指数（NDVI）估算居住绿地情况。使用广义线性混合模型（GLMM）检验居住绿地与心血管代谢危险因素之间的关联。
结果
居住绿地水平较高与心血管代谢危险因素患病率较低相关。在对年龄、性别、教育程度和婚姻状况进行调整后，NDVI每增加一个四分位数间距（IQR），高血压风险降低10.3%（β = 0.897，95%CI = 0.836 - 0.962），肥胖风险降低20.5%（β = 0.795，95%CI = 0.695 - 0.910），2型糖尿病风险降低15.1%（β = 0.849，95%CI = 0.740 - 0.974），血脂异常风险降低10.5%（β = 0.895，95%CI = 0.825 - 0.971）。危险因素聚集情况同样降低了20.4%（β = 0.796，95%CI = 0.716 - 0.885）。分层分析显示，男性参与者中NDVI与高血压、血脂异常及危险因素聚集的关联更强。NDVI与2型糖尿病的关联在受教育程度较高的参与者中更强。PM2.5和身体活动介导了NDVI与肥胖、血脂异常及危险因素聚集之间1.9% - 9.2%的关联。
结论
较高的居住绿地对新疆农村居民的心血管代谢危险因素具有保护作用。增加住宅周边绿地面积是减轻新疆农村居民心血管代谢相关疾病负担的有效措施。
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