Woyessa Delelegn, Yewhalaw Delenasaw
Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, P.O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis. 2024 Oct 28;6:100224. doi: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100224. eCollection 2024.
Information on bionomics of species composition, seasonal dynamics and insecticide susceptibility status is important to understand malaria transmission in any particular eco-epidemiological setting and for the design of effective vector control strategies. Here, adult mosquitoes were collected using CDC light traps (CDC LTs) and human landing catches (HLC) for 17 months between June 2018 and September 2020 from Lare District of Ethiopia. Larvae and pupae of anopheline mosquitoes were collected from breeding sites of Lare District and Jimma and reared to adulthood. Bioassays were conducted on non-blood-fed, 3-5-day-old emerged adult female mosquitoes using WHO insecticide-impregnated papers. spp. infection in and were identified using TaqMan qPCR. Of 11,048 mosquitoes collected, was the most common (46.20%, = 5103), followed by (27.89%, = 3082), () (16.04%, = 1772) and (9.88%, = 1091). Most of the mosquitoes (73.17%, = 8084) were collected using CDC LTs and 26.83% ( = 2964) were captured using HLC. The mean density of , and was generally higher in June-November as compared to other months during the study period. However, the mean density of was relatively higher through November-January following the peak malaria period in Lare. , (.) and complex were susceptible to pirimiphos-methyl, propoxur and bendiocarb. However, and () were resistant to DDT, deltamethrin, permethrin and malathion, whilst members of the complex were resistant to DDT and deltamethrin. No spp. infection was detected from samples of and . There was temporal variation in mean density of mosquitoes and higher mean mosquito density was recorded during June-November (except for ). The higher outdoor mean mosquito density coupled with multiple insecticide resistance of malaria vector populations and occurrence of in the dry season call for regular monitoring and intervention considering the behavioural dynamics of species across seasons.
有关物种组成、季节动态和杀虫剂敏感性状况的生物学信息，对于了解任何特定生态流行病学环境中的疟疾传播以及设计有效的病媒控制策略都很重要。在此，于2018年6月至2020年9月期间，在埃塞俄比亚的拉雷区使用疾控中心诱蚊灯（CDC LT）和人饵诱捕法（HLC）收集了17个月的成年蚊子。从拉雷区和吉马的孳生地收集按蚊幼虫和蛹，并饲养至成虫。使用世卫组织杀虫剂浸渍纸对未吸血、羽化3至5天的成年雌性蚊子进行生物测定。使用TaqMan qPCR鉴定冈比亚按蚊和阿拉伯按蚊中的疟原虫感染情况。在收集的11048只按蚊中，冈比亚按蚊最为常见（46.20%，n = 5103），其次是阿拉伯按蚊（27.89%，n = 3082）、斯氏按蚊（16.04%，n = 1772）和嗜人按蚊（9.88%，n = 1091）。大多数蚊子（73.17%，n = 8084）是使用疾控中心诱蚊灯收集的，26.83%（n = 2964）是通过人饵诱捕法捕获的。在研究期间，与其他月份相比，冈比亚按蚊、阿拉伯按蚊和斯氏按蚊的平均密度在6月至11月通常更高。然而，在拉雷疟疾高峰期后的11月至1月期间，嗜人按蚊的平均密度相对较高。冈比亚按蚊、阿拉伯按蚊（嗜人亚种）和斯氏按蚊复合体对甲基嘧啶磷、残杀威和仲丁威敏感。然而，嗜人按蚊和斯氏按蚊（斯氏亚种）对滴滴涕、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯和马拉硫磷具有抗性，而斯氏按蚊复合体的成员对滴滴涕和溴氰菊酯具有抗性。在冈比亚按蚊和阿拉伯按蚊的样本中未检测到疟原虫感染。嗜人按蚊的平均密度存在时间变化，在6月至11月期间记录到较高的平均蚊子密度（除嗜人按蚊外）。较高的室外平均蚊子密度，加上疟疾媒介种群对多种杀虫剂的抗性以及旱季嗜人按蚊的出现，需要根据嗜人按蚊跨季节的行为动态进行定期监测和干预。
