Woyessa Delelegn, Yewhalaw Delenasaw
Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, P. O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 27;15(1):10636. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-94739-y.
This study investigates malaria vector dynamics in Lare and Asendabo, southwestern Ethiopia, areas with limited entomological information. From July to December 2021, mosquitoes were collected from 56 randomly selected houses using Pyrethrum Spray Catches, CDC light traps, and Human Landing Catches. Blood meal sources (human, bovine, goat) and circumsporozoite proteins (CSP) were detected via Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and mosquitoes were analyzed for physiological state, and Plasmodium infection. The entomological inoculation rates (EIR) for Anopheles gambiae s.l. and An. funestus were calculated, and species identification was performed by PCR on CSP-positive and randomly selected samples. A total of 2,565 mosquitoes from four Anopheles species were collected, with An. gambiae s.l. dominating. Indoor collected anophelines (53%) surpassed outdoor (47%). PCR confirmed An. gambiae s.l. as An. arabiensis and An. funestus as An. funestus and An. leesoni. Twenty two An. funestus tested positive for Plasmodium while Plasmodium-positive pools also included, An. gambiae s.l. (15), An. coustani (2), and An. pharoensis (1). The P. falciparum EIR for An. gambiae s.l. in Asendabo was 1.39 bites/person/month, while An. funestus had the highest bite rate (10.52 bites/person/month). Mixed blood meals and zoophilic behaviour were common, underscoring the need for species-specific, spatio-temporal vector control strategies.
本研究调查了埃塞俄比亚西南部拉雷和阿森达博地区的疟疾媒介动态，这些地区的昆虫学信息有限。2021年7月至12月，使用除虫菊酯喷雾捕蚊法、疾控中心灯光诱捕器和人饵诱捕法，从56所随机选择的房屋中收集蚊子。通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测血餐来源（人、牛、山羊）和环子孢子蛋白（CSP），并分析蚊子的生理状态和疟原虫感染情况。计算冈比亚按蚊复合种和嗜人按蚊的昆虫学接种率（EIR），并对CSP阳性和随机选择的样本进行PCR物种鉴定。共收集到来自四种按蚊的2565只蚊子，其中冈比亚按蚊复合种占主导。室内收集的按蚊（53%）超过室外（47%）。PCR确认冈比亚按蚊复合种为阿拉伯按蚊，嗜人按蚊为嗜人按蚊和李氏按蚊。22只嗜人按蚊检测出疟原虫呈阳性，疟原虫阳性样本池还包括冈比亚按蚊复合种（15个）、库斯塔尼按蚊（2个）和法老按蚊（1个）。阿森达博地区冈比亚按蚊复合种的恶性疟原虫EIR为1.39叮咬/人/月，而嗜人按蚊的叮咬率最高（10.52叮咬/人/月）。混合血餐和嗜动物性行为很常见，这突出表明需要针对特定物种的时空媒介控制策略。
