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从学龄前到学龄期与注意力缺陷多动障碍相关的功能损害

Functional Impairment Related to ADHD From Preschool to School Age.

作者信息

Overgaard Kristin Romvig, Oerbeck Beate, Friis Svein, Pripp Are Hugo, Aase Heidi, Ingeborgrud Christine Baalsrud, Biele Guido

机构信息

Oslo University Hospital, Norway.

University of Oslo, Norway.

出版信息

J Atten Disord. 2025 Feb;29(3):220-230. doi: 10.1177/10870547241301179. Epub 2024 Dec 3.


DOI:10.1177/10870547241301179
PMID:39625105
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11694549/
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Children with ADHD often experience functional impairments across various aspects of daily life. This study addresses the dearth of longitudinal research on functional impairment trajectories from preschool to school age in children with symptoms of ADHD and comorbid disorders. METHODS: We investigated the extent to which functional impairments were associated with ADHD symptoms, along with behavioral and anxiety symptoms, from age 3.5 to 8 years. Utilizing parent- and teacher-reported data, we analyzed associations between global impairment, and dimension scores (e.g., family; child quality of life (QoL); learning; play/leisure activities; and friends) and symptoms at ages 3.5 and 8 years ( = 783). RESULTS: The mean parent global impairment score increased from 0.31 (standard deviation () = 0.40) to 0.83 ( = 0.63) from 3.5 to 8 years, while the teacher impairment scores slightly decreased. Specific parent impairment dimension scores, particularly QoL, learning, and friends, significantly increased. Preschool ADHD and comorbid behavioral symptoms reported by parents weakly predicted impairment at 8 years. By age 8 years, impairment and symptoms exhibited moderate to strong correlations for all impairment dimensions. Parents reported greater child impairment during school age across settings compared to preschool, while teachers' impairment profiles remained consistent across ages. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that parents perceive impairment as more pronounced at age 8 years and more strongly associated with symptoms of both ADHD and comorbid disorders than at age 3.5 years. Notably, for teachers, a robust correlation between inattention symptoms and learning impairment was observed, with substantially higher impairment scores reported for boys compared to girls.

摘要

目的:患有注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的儿童在日常生活的各个方面经常经历功能损害。本研究旨在解决目前缺乏关于ADHD症状和共病障碍儿童从学龄前到学龄期功能损害轨迹的纵向研究这一问题。 方法:我们调查了从3.5岁到8岁期间,功能损害与ADHD症状以及行为和焦虑症状之间的关联程度。利用家长和教师报告的数据,我们分析了总体损害以及维度分数(例如,家庭;儿童生活质量(QoL);学习;玩耍/休闲活动;以及朋友)与3.5岁和8岁时症状之间的关联(n = 783)。 结果:从3.5岁到8岁,家长总体损害评分均值从0.31(标准差(SD)= 0.40)增至0.83(SD = 0.63),而教师损害评分略有下降。特定的家长损害维度分数,尤其是生活质量、学习和朋友方面的分数显著增加。家长报告的学龄前ADHD和共病行为症状对8岁时的损害预测作用较弱。到8岁时,所有损害维度的损害与症状之间均呈现中度到强的相关性。与学龄前相比,家长报告学龄期儿童在所有场景下的损害更大,而教师的损害概况在各年龄段保持一致。 结论:这些发现表明,家长认为8岁时的损害比3.5岁时更为明显,且与ADHD和共病障碍的症状关联更强。值得注意的是,对于教师而言,观察到注意力不集中症状与学习损害之间存在强相关性,且男孩的损害评分显著高于女孩。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8a88/11694549/071fb0adfbce/10.1177_10870547241301179-fig4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8a88/11694549/1e23a7825027/10.1177_10870547241301179-fig1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8a88/11694549/07fadcaaa55a/10.1177_10870547241301179-fig2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8a88/11694549/e4d3538a0a69/10.1177_10870547241301179-fig3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8a88/11694549/071fb0adfbce/10.1177_10870547241301179-fig4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8a88/11694549/1e23a7825027/10.1177_10870547241301179-fig1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8a88/11694549/07fadcaaa55a/10.1177_10870547241301179-fig2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8a88/11694549/e4d3538a0a69/10.1177_10870547241301179-fig3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8a88/11694549/071fb0adfbce/10.1177_10870547241301179-fig4.jpg

相似文献

[1]
Functional Impairment Related to ADHD From Preschool to School Age.

J Atten Disord. 2025-2

[2]
Parents' and Teachers' Perspectives of Autism and Co-Morbidity Symptom Severity in Young Children with ASD Over One School Year.

J Autism Dev Disord. 2025-1

[3]
Health-related quality of life in children and adolescents who have a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Pediatrics. 2004-11

[4]
Parent and Teacher Reports of Comorbid Anxiety and ADHD Symptoms in Children with ASD.

J Autism Dev Disord. 2020-5

[5]
Sluggish cognitive tempo and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) inattention in the home and school contexts: Parent and teacher invariance and cross-setting validity.

Psychol Assess. 2017-2

[6]
Does the treatment of anxiety in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) using cognitive behavioral therapy improve child and family outcomes? Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

BMC Psychiatry. 2019-11-13

[7]
Parent-teacher agreement on ADHD symptoms across development.

Psychol Assess. 2015-3

[8]
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder from preschool to school age: change and stability of parent and teacher reports.

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2023-10

[9]
Predictive validity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder from ages 3 to 5 Years.

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2022-7

[10]
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder symptoms in school-age children born very preterm.

Res Dev Disabil. 2018-2-2

本文引用的文献

[1]
Age-related clinical characteristics of children and adolescents with ADHD.

Front Psychiatry. 2023-1-27

[2]
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder from preschool to school age: change and stability of parent and teacher reports.

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2023-10

[3]
Annual Research Review: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in girls and women: underrepresentation, longitudinal processes, and key directions.

J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2022-4

[4]
How much impairment is required for ADHD? No evidence of a discrete threshold.

J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2022-2

[5]
Predictive validity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder from ages 3 to 5 Years.

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2022-7

[6]
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and comorbidity: A review of literature.

World J Clin Cases. 2019-9-6

[7]
Screening with an ADHD-specific rating scale in preschoolers: A cross-cultural comparison of the Early Childhood Inventory-4.

Psychol Assess. 2019-4-8

[8]
Early Childhood Psychopathology Prospectively Predicts Social Functioning in Early Adolescence.

J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2018-10-11

[9]
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Preschoolers: The Accuracy of a Short Screener.

J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2018-4-7

[10]
Invariance of ADHD Symptoms Across Sex and Age: a Latent Analysis of ADHD and Impairment Ratings from Early Childhood into Adolescence.

J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2019-1

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