Duan Baojun, Tang Xiaoling, Wang Datao, Zhang Yanjun, An Guihua, Wang Huan, Zhou Aibao
School of Teacher Education, Hexi University, Zhangye, China.
School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China.
J Vis. 2024 Dec 2;24(13):2. doi: 10.1167/jov.24.13.2.
Emerging evidence suggests that visuospatial attention plays an important role in reading among Chinese children with dyslexia. Additionally, numerous studies have shown that Chinese children with dyslexia have deficits in their visuospatial attention orienting; however, the visual attention engagement deficits in Chinese children with dyslexia remain unclear. Therefore, we used a visual attention masking (AM) paradigm to characterize the spatiotemporal distribution of visual attention engagement in Chinese children with dyslexia. AM refers to impaired identification of the first (S1) of two rapidly sequentially presented mask objects. In the present study, S1 was always centrally displayed, whereas the spatial position of S2 (left, middle, or right) and the S1-S2 interval were manipulated. The results revealed a specific temporal deficit of visual attentional masking in Chinese children with dyslexia. The mean accuracy rate for developmental dyslexia (DD) in the middle spatial position was significantly lower than that in the left spatial position at a stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) of 140 ms, compared with chronological age (CA). Moreover, we further observed spatial deficits of visual attentional masking in the three different spatial positions. Specifically, in the middle spatial position, the AM effect of DD was significantly larger for the 140-ms SOA than for the 250-ms and 600-ms SOA compared with CA. Our results suggest that Chinese children with dyslexia are significantly impaired in visual attentional engagement and that spatiotemporal visual attentional engagement may play a special role in Chinese reading.
新出现的证据表明，视觉空间注意力在中国阅读障碍儿童的阅读中起着重要作用。此外，大量研究表明，中国阅读障碍儿童在视觉空间注意力定向方面存在缺陷；然而，中国阅读障碍儿童的视觉注意力参与缺陷仍不明确。因此，我们使用视觉注意力掩蔽（AM）范式来描述中国阅读障碍儿童视觉注意力参与的时空分布。AM是指对两个快速连续呈现的掩蔽物体中的第一个（S1）的识别受损。在本研究中，S1总是在中央显示，而S2的空间位置（左、中或右）和S1 - S2间隔是被操纵的。结果揭示了中国阅读障碍儿童在视觉注意力掩蔽方面存在特定的时间缺陷。与实际年龄（CA）相比，在140毫秒的刺激起始异步（SOA）下，发育性阅读障碍（DD）在中间空间位置的平均准确率显著低于在左侧空间位置的平均准确率。此外，我们进一步观察到在三个不同空间位置上视觉注意力掩蔽的空间缺陷。具体而言，在中间空间位置，与CA相比，DD在140毫秒SOA时的AM效应显著大于在250毫秒和600毫秒SOA时的AM效应。我们的结果表明，中国阅读障碍儿童在视觉注意力参与方面存在显著受损，并且时空视觉注意力参与可能在中国阅读中发挥特殊作用。
