Ziogaite Brigita, Contreras Elena T, Horgan Jason E
Leader Animal Specialty Hospital, Cooper City, Florida, United States of America.
Shreiber School of Veterinary Medicine of Rowan University, Mullica Hill, New Jersey, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 3;19(12):e0314737. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314737. eCollection 2024.
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the risk and predictive factors of splenic malignancy and hemangiosarcoma in dogs undergoing splenectomy at a surgical specialty clinic. Medical records, hematologic results, surgical reports, and histopathologic results from 182 dogs that underwent splenectomy for the treatment of splenic masses or nodules were reviewed retrospectively. The majority of dogs (57.7%) had benign splenic diagnoses with no malignancy. Hemangiosarcoma was diagnosed in 32.4% of the dogs. A final multivariable model indicated that thrombocytopenia, anemia, and a smaller diameter of the largest splenic nodule were risk factors for hemangiosarcoma (P<0.001), and hemoperitoneum (P = 0.01) was an additional risk factor when nodule diameter was not evaluated. There were 91 dogs that had hemoperitoneum, and 60.4% of those dogs had malignant splenic lesions. Of the 33 dogs that underwent a splenectomy for incidentally identified splenic lesions, 93.9% had benign splenic lesions. Breed size was not a significant predictor of splenic malignancy risk; however, all 6 of the German shepherds included in the study had a hemangiosarcoma diagnosis. Overall prevalence of splenic malignancy including HSA may be overestimated in some canine populations.
本研究的目的是评估在一家外科专科医院接受脾切除术的犬只发生脾恶性肿瘤和血管肉瘤的风险及预测因素。回顾性分析了182只因治疗脾脏肿块或结节而接受脾切除术的犬只的病历、血液学检查结果、手术报告和组织病理学检查结果。大多数犬只（57.7%）被诊断为良性脾脏疾病，无恶性肿瘤。32.4%的犬只被诊断为血管肉瘤。最终的多变量模型表明，血小板减少、贫血和最大脾脏结节直径较小是血管肉瘤的危险因素（P<0.001），当未评估结节直径时，腹腔积血（P = 0.01）是另一个危险因素。有91只犬出现腹腔积血，其中60.4%的犬有脾脏恶性病变。在33只因偶然发现的脾脏病变而接受脾切除术的犬只中，93.9%有良性脾脏病变。品种大小不是脾恶性肿瘤风险的显著预测因素；然而，研究中纳入的6只德国牧羊犬均被诊断为血管肉瘤。在一些犬类群体中，包括血管肉瘤在内的脾恶性肿瘤的总体患病率可能被高估。
