Scheer Volker, Valero David, Thuany Mabliny, Knechtle Beat, Viljoen Carel, Ruescas Escolano Esther, Valero Burgos Encarna
Ultra Sports Science Foundation, Pierre-Benite, France.
Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Porto, Portugal.
Int J Sports Med. 2025 Apr;46(4):281-289. doi: 10.1055/a-2495-1757. Epub 2024 Dec 3.
Depression is an important public health issue. In the general adult population, about 6.7% are affected. Little data are available about endurance runners. We conducted a prospective survey study screening for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire and investigating potential associated risk factors in endurance runners (≥ 21.1-42.2 km) and ultraendurance runners (≥ 42.2 km). Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, predictive techniques, and regression analysis. A total of n = 601 runners participated (female n=222 and male n=379; mean age [SD]: 42.8 years [± 10.1]). Overall, 11.3% screened positive for major depression, particularly female runners compared to male runners (p=0.002) and endurance runners compared to ultraendurance runners (p=0.023). No significant differences were observed among performance levels (elite vs. nonelite). Mild depression was observed in 21.6% of runners. Factors associated with a higher risk for screening for major depression included age (p<0.001), particularly runners under the age of 28 years, previous self-reported history of depression (p<0.001), more frequent weekly workouts (4-5/wk; p=0.021), weeks lost to injury (p=0.022), and female sex (p=0.025). A third of endurance and ultraendurance runners screened positive for depression, highlighting the importance of creating awareness for mental health issues and potential screening for athletes and providing access to appropriate support services and education.
抑郁症是一个重要的公共卫生问题。在普通成年人群中，约6.7%的人受到影响。关于耐力跑者的数据很少。我们进行了一项前瞻性调查研究，使用患者健康问卷筛查抑郁症，并调查耐力跑者（≥21.1 - 42.2公里）和超级耐力跑者（≥42.2公里）中潜在的相关风险因素。统计分析包括描述性统计、预测技术和回归分析。共有n = 601名跑步者参与（女性n = 222，男性n = 379；平均年龄[标准差]：42.8岁[±10.1]）。总体而言，11.3%的人筛查出重度抑郁症呈阳性，尤其是女性跑步者与男性跑步者相比（p = 0.002），以及耐力跑者与超级耐力跑者相比（p = 0.023）。在成绩水平（精英与非精英）之间未观察到显著差异。21.6%的跑步者存在轻度抑郁症。与重度抑郁症筛查风险较高相关的因素包括年龄（p < 0.001），尤其是28岁以下的跑步者、既往自我报告的抑郁症病史（p < 0.001）、每周锻炼更频繁（4 - 5次/周；p = 0.021）、因伤损失的周数（p = 0.022）以及女性性别（p = 0.025）。三分之一的耐力跑者和超级耐力跑者筛查出抑郁症呈阳性，这凸显了提高对心理健康问题的认识以及对运动员进行潜在筛查并提供适当支持服务和教育的重要性。
