Yoneda Momoka, Ameno Hiroki, Nishimura Ayaka, Tabuchi Kohei, Hatano Yuki, Osono Takashi
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan.
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan.
AIMS Microbiol. 2024 Nov 15;10(4):973-985. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2024042. eCollection 2024.
Little is known regarding the diversity patterns of Xylariaceae and Hypoxylaceae (Ascomycota) fungi taking part in the lignin decomposition of leaf litter from different tree species and under different climatic regions. The alpha and beta diversity of Xylariaceae and Hypoxylaceae fungi was investigated on bleached leaf litter from nine subtropical and cool temperate tree species in Japan. A total of 248 fungal isolates, obtained from 480 leaves from the nine tree species, were classified into 43 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with a 97% similarity threshold and were assigned to nine genera of Xylariaceae and Hypoxylaceae. There was no overlap of fungal OTUs between subtropical and cool temperate trees. The mean number of fungal OTUs was generally higher in subtropical than cool temperate trees, whereas rarefaction curves depicting the numbers of OTU with respect to the number of leaves from which fungi were isolated were less steep in subtropical trees than in cool temperate trees, reflecting the dominance of major OTUs in the subtropical trees and indicating a higher species richness in cool temperate regions. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling showed general overlaps of fungal OTU compositions among tree species in the respective climatic regions, and one-way permutational multivariate analysis of variance indicated that the OTU composition was not significantly different between the tree species. These results suggest a wide host range and some geographic and climatic structures of distribution of these ligninolytic fungi.
关于参与不同树种和不同气候区域落叶木质素分解的炭角菌科和炭团菌科（子囊菌门）真菌的多样性模式，人们了解甚少。在日本，对来自9种亚热带和凉爽温带树种的漂白落叶上的炭角菌科和炭团菌科真菌的α多样性和β多样性进行了研究。从这9种树种的480片叶子中获得的总共248个真菌分离株，在相似度阈值为97%的情况下被分类为43个操作分类单元（OTU），并被归为炭角菌科和炭团菌科的9个属。亚热带和凉爽温带树木之间的真菌OTU没有重叠。真菌OTU的平均数量通常在亚热带树木中高于凉爽温带树木，而描绘OTU数量相对于分离出真菌的叶子数量的稀疏曲线在亚热带树木中比在凉爽温带树木中更平缓，这反映了亚热带树木中主要OTU的优势，并表明凉爽温带地区的物种丰富度更高。非度量多维标度分析表明，在各自气候区域的树种之间，真菌OTU组成总体上有重叠，单向置换多变量方差分析表明，树种之间的OTU组成没有显著差异。这些结果表明这些木质素分解真菌具有广泛的宿主范围以及一些地理和气候分布结构。
