Qali Mohammad, Alsaegh Hashem, Alsaraf Samaa
Department of Surgical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, Kuwait, KWT.
Department of Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Kuwait, KWT.
Cureus. 2024 Nov 3;16(11):e72934. doi: 10.7759/cureus.72934. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Clinical crown lengthening is a surgical procedure that involves the manipulation of gingival tissue, designed to expose sound tooth structure for restorative purposes by apically repositioning the gingival tissue, with or without the removal of alveolar bone. Crown lengthening may be subdivided as functional or esthetic, according to the purpose of treatment. Functional crown lengthening pertains to the exposure of subgingival caries, fractures, or to avoid invading the biologic width. Whereas esthetic crown lengthening, typically performed in the anterior sextants, aims to lengthen short anterior teeth or refine an uneven gingival contour. Crown lengthening is indicated to address restorative needs, increase clinical crown height, access subgingival caries or perforations, create a ferrule for restorations, or relocate restoration margins. This review manuscript outlines different crown lengthening techniques. Each technique is approached depending on patient-related factors (biologic width, remaining tooth structure, surrounding keratinized tissue, bone, and teeth) and the clinician's perspective. The importance of reaching a correct diagnosis through meticulous examination of the periodontal condition is key in employing the correct procedure to be conducted. This assures both the practitioner and the patient that the treatment plan will achieve the desired outcome.
临床牙冠延长术是一种外科手术，涉及对牙龈组织的处理，旨在通过将牙龈组织向根尖方向重新定位，在有或没有去除牙槽骨的情况下，暴露健康的牙齿结构以进行修复。根据治疗目的，牙冠延长术可分为功能性或美学性。功能性牙冠延长术适用于暴露龈下龋、骨折部位，或避免侵犯生物学宽度。而美学性牙冠延长术通常在前牙区进行，旨在延长短的前牙或改善不均匀的牙龈轮廓。牙冠延长术适用于满足修复需求、增加临床牙冠高度、处理龈下龋或穿孔、为修复体创建箍结构或重新定位修复体边缘。这篇综述手稿概述了不同的牙冠延长技术。每种技术的选择取决于与患者相关的因素（生物学宽度、剩余牙齿结构、周围角化组织、骨和牙齿）以及临床医生的观点。通过细致检查牙周状况来做出正确诊断的重要性，是采用正确手术方法的关键。这能确保医生和患者都相信治疗计划将实现预期效果。
