Salato Sisay Petros, Besha Befekadu Bekele, Amele Esayas Aydiko, Abiso Temesgen Lera
Damot Gale District Health Office, Boditi, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
Front Reprod Health. 2024 Nov 19;6:1470574. doi: 10.3389/frph.2024.1470574. eCollection 2024.
The majority of people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Increased risky sexual practice puts people living with the human immune virus at higher risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections other than the human immune virus and unplanned pregnancies. Sexually transmitted infections, particularly viral hepatitis (B and C), significantly impair antiretroviral therapy and the clinical outcome of the co-infected individual, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of risky sexual practices among antiretroviral therapy (ART) attendees in public health facilities within the Wolaita Zone of South Ethiopia.
From September to October 2023, a facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adult people living with HIV on ART in the Wolaita zone. Data was collected through a pretested and structured questionnaire. Six diploma nurses were trained to collect data. Systematic sampling techniques were used to select a total of 398 ART patients. Data were collected by Open Data Kit (ODK) and analyzed with SPSS Version 25. Binary and multiple logistic regression analyses were used. All the variables with a -value of 0.25 associated with risky sexual practices are considered candidate variables. Multicollinearity was checked. The fitness of the model was tested by the Hosmer-Lemshow goodness of fit test. Finally, statistical significance was declared at a -value of 0.05.
A total of 398 respondents took part in this study. The prevalence of risky sexual practices in the past six months was 174 (43.7%) at 95% of the CI (38.9-48.7). The result of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that not disclosing HIV status (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1-3.31), alcohol drinking (AOR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.66-0.023), and poor social support (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.75-3.9) were statistically significantly associated with risky sexual practices.
This study revealed that the risky sexual practice among ART clients was high and disclosure status, social support, and alcohol use were factors associated with risky sexual practice. The governmental and non-governmental bodies have to strengthen social support for ART clients, disclosure status for ART clients, and counseling to avoid alcohol.
大多数人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者生活在低收入和中等收入国家，尤其是撒哈拉以南非洲地区。危险性行为的增加使感染人类免疫病毒的人感染除人类免疫病毒之外的性传播感染以及意外怀孕的风险更高。性传播感染，特别是病毒性肝炎（B和C型），会严重损害抗逆转录病毒疗法以及合并感染个体的临床结局，导致发病率和死亡率上升。本研究的目的是调查埃塞俄比亚南部沃莱塔地区公共卫生设施中接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的患者中危险性行为的流行情况。
2023年9月至10月，在沃莱塔地区对接受ART治疗的成年HIV感染者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。通过预先测试和结构化的问卷收集数据。培训了六名文凭护士来收集数据。采用系统抽样技术共选取398名ART患者。数据通过开放数据工具包（ODK）收集，并使用SPSS 25版本进行分析。采用二元和多元逻辑回归分析。所有P值为0.25且与危险性行为相关的变量均被视为候选变量。检查了多重共线性。通过Hosmer-Lemshow拟合优度检验对模型的拟合度进行了测试。最后，P值为0.05时宣布具有统计学意义。
共有398名受访者参与了本研究。在过去六个月中，危险性行为的患病率为174例（43.7%），95%置信区间为（38.9 - 48.7）。多元逻辑回归分析结果显示，未披露HIV感染状况（调整后比值比[AOR]=1.8，95%置信区间：1.1 - 3.31）、饮酒（AOR = 3.1，95%置信区间：1.66 - 0.023）和社会支持不足（AOR = 1.9，95%置信区间：1.75 - 3.9）与危险性行为在统计学上显著相关。
本研究表明，接受ART治疗的患者中危险性行为的发生率较高，披露状况、社会支持和饮酒是与危险性行为相关的因素。政府和非政府机构必须加强对接受ART治疗的患者的社会支持、披露状况以及戒酒咨询。
