Bahram Samya A, Alhayki Baheya M, Matar Hanan A, Alkhawaja Noor A, Rabia Noor A, Mahfoodh Zahra A
Assistant Undersecretary of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Bahrain, Dip in Obstetrics and Gynecology Ultrasonography, Arab Board Certificate of Family Medicine, Joint Board Certificate of Family Medicine, Kingdom of Bahrain.
Family Practice Residency Program, Halat Bu Maher Health Centre, Kingdom of Bahrain.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Oct;13(10):4284-4292. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_371_24. Epub 2024 Oct 18.
Thyroid disease is known to be one of the most common endocrine diseases globally and has serious health implications if left untreated.
This study aimed to gain a better understanding of common thyroid diseases and to explore the associated risk factors in the Kingdom of Bahrain.
A case-control study was carried out after obtaining all thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) results done in a primary healthcare setting from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022 from the Health Information Department. In total, 500 participants were randomly selected from each group: the abnormal thyroid test group (cases) and the normal thyroid test group (controls). Participants were interviewed using a structured list of associated risk factors with the following sections: sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, family history of thyroid disease, BMI, previous radiation therapy, and certain medications.
The prevalence of abnormal thyroid tests was found to be 11%. Cases were categorized into four groups: hyperthyroidism (26.4%), hypothyroidism (64.6%), hyperthyroidism (4.5%), and subclinical hypothyroidism 13 (4.5%). The results showed significant differences between case and control in the following risk factors: female sex, increasing age, BMI, dyslipidemia, family history of thyroid disease, and previous radiation therapy ( = <0.05).
In summary, the high prevalence of abnormal thyroid results highlights the need for an organized national screening program for individuals at average risk for developing thyroid disease.
甲状腺疾病是全球最常见的内分泌疾病之一，若不治疗会对健康产生严重影响。
本研究旨在更好地了解巴林王国常见的甲状腺疾病，并探索相关危险因素。
从卫生信息部获取了2022年1月1日至2022年12月31日在初级医疗保健机构进行的所有促甲状腺激素（TSH）检测结果后，开展了一项病例对照研究。每组随机选取500名参与者：甲状腺检测异常组（病例组）和甲状腺检测正常组（对照组）。使用一份包含以下部分相关危险因素的结构化清单对参与者进行访谈：社会人口统计学特征、合并症、甲状腺疾病家族史、体重指数、既往放疗史和某些药物使用情况。
发现甲状腺检测异常的患病率为11%。病例分为四组：甲状腺功能亢进（26.4%）、甲状腺功能减退（64.6%）、甲状腺功能亢进（4.5%）和亚临床甲状腺功能减退（4.5%）。结果显示，病例组和对照组在以下危险因素方面存在显著差异：女性、年龄增长、体重指数、血脂异常、甲状腺疾病家族史和既往放疗史（P<0.05）。
总之，甲状腺检测异常的高患病率凸显了为甲状腺疾病平均发病风险个体开展有组织的全国筛查项目的必要性。
