Mahdi Hassan Abdisalam, Barakale Nimo Mohamoud, Salih Omran, Muse Abdisalam Hassan
School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, Amoud University, Borama, Somaliland.
Institute of Systems Science, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2024 Dec 5;4(12):e0003844. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003844. eCollection 2024.
Access to safe drinking water is a fundamental human right and a critical public health concern, particularly in lower- and middle-income countries with limited infrastructure. Somalia faces significant challenges in providing improved drinking water sources, with a high prevalence of unimproved sources. This study analyzes data from the SHDS 2020 to investigate the prevalence of unimproved drinking water sources and identify associated factors. A cross-sectional study of 32,300 participants was conducted to identify factors associated with using unimproved drinking water sources. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed using Stata 16 software. Variables with a p-value < 0.05 in bivariate analysis were included in the multivariate model. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the association of significant variables with the outcome. Approximately 22.04% (95% CI: 21.5%, 22.4%) of the Somali population utilizes unimproved drinking water sources. Households with a head aged 20 years and above (AOR = 0.88, p = 0.059) were less likely to rely on unimproved sources than households with a head under 20 years. Female household heads (AOR = 1.17, p = 0.000) were more likely to use unimproved sources than male household heads. Unemployed partners (AOR = 1.14, p = 0.000) were more likely to use unimproved sources than employed partners. Rural (AOR = 1.12, p = 0.013) and nomadic (AOR = 0.93, p = 0.175) residents were more likely to use unimproved sources than urban residents. Households in Mudug (AOR = 31.18, p = 0.000), Nugaal (AOR = 4.15, p = 0.000), Bari (AOR = 5.26, p = 0.000), and Sanaag (AOR = 2.52, p = 0.000) regions were less likely to use unimproved sources compared to households in other regions. These findings highlight the urgent need for Somalia to improve its provision of safe and accessible water sources.
获得安全饮用水是一项基本人权，也是一个关键的公共卫生问题，在基础设施有限的低收入和中等收入国家尤其如此。索马里在提供改善后的饮用水源方面面临重大挑战，未改善水源的比例很高。本研究分析了2020年索马里家庭健康与人口动态调查（SHDS 2020）的数据，以调查未改善饮用水源的流行情况并确定相关因素。对32300名参与者进行了横断面研究，以确定与使用未改善饮用水源相关的因素。使用Stata 16软件进行多变量逻辑回归分析。双变量分析中p值<0.05的变量被纳入多变量模型。调整后的优势比（AOR）和95%置信区间（CI）用于估计显著变量与结果之间的关联。约22.04%（95%CI：21.5%，22.4%）的索马里人口使用未改善的饮用水源。户主年龄在20岁及以上的家庭（AOR = 0.88，p = 0.059）比户主年龄在20岁以下家庭依赖未改善水源的可能性更小。女性户主家庭（AOR = 1.17，p = 0.000）比男性户主家庭更有可能使用未改善的水源。无业伴侣家庭（AOR = 1.14，p = 0.000）比有业伴侣家庭更有可能使用未改善的水源。农村居民（AOR = 1.12，p = 0.013）和游牧居民（AOR = 0.93，p = 0.175）比城市居民更有可能使用未改善的水源。与其他地区的家庭相比，穆杜格（AOR = 31.18，p = 0.000）、努加尔（AOR = 4.15，p = 头000）、巴里（AOR = 5.26，p = 0.000）和萨纳格（AOR = 2.52，p = 0.000）地区的家庭使用未改善水源的可能性较小。这些发现凸显了索马里迫切需要改善其安全和可及水源的供应。
